Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes waiting for a situation to calm down before making a decision.

Meaning:
Waiting for a situation to calm down before making a decision.

Usage:

1. Let's wait for the dust to settle before we decide on the next steps.
2. After the argument, she decided to wait for the dust to settle.
3. We should wait for the dust to settle before making any changes.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Wait for things to calm down," "Wait until the smoke clears," "Let the storm pass."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to wait for a situation to calm down or become clearer after an event or disruption. The idiom "dust" is not referring to literal dust but rather to metaphorical chaos or confusion, and "settling" refers to things becoming stable. The meaning cannot be deduced from the literal words alone.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes waiting for an inevitable event to happen.

Meaning:
Waiting for an inevitable event to happen.

Usage:

1. Everyone is waiting for the other shoe to drop after the big announcement.
2. He was tense, waiting for the other shoe to drop.
3. The team is on edge, waiting for the other shoe to drop.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Await the inevitable," "Expect the next bad thing," "Hold your breath."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to wait for an inevitable second event or consequence to occur after the first one. The idiom comes from the idea of hearing the second shoe fall after the first, symbolizing an expected continuation. The non-literal meaning of waiting for something else to happen is central.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being ready to take over or step in when needed. It comes from the image of actors waiting in the wings of a theater stage, ready to go on.

Meaning:
To be ready to take over or step in when needed.

Usage:

1. She was waiting in the wings for a promotion.
2. He kept the backup plan waiting in the wings.
3. They had a new leader waiting in the wings.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Standing by," "Ready to step in," "On standby."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to being ready or prepared to act, often from a position of readiness or behind the scenes. The "wings" in a theatrical sense refer to the space just offstage, and the idiom has evolved figuratively to mean someone who is poised to take action, which is a figurative concept that cannot be deduced directly from the literal meaning of "waiting" and "wings."

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes making a very loud noise.

Meaning:
Making a very loud noise.

Usage:

1. His snoring was loud enough to wake the dead.
2. The fireworks were loud enough to wake the dead.
3. The party was so noisy it could wake the dead.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Deafening," "Earsplitting," "Loud enough to wake the neighbors."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to do something so loud or intense that it could revive the dead. The idiom uses the "dead" in a non-literal sense to describe the extremity of an action or sound, which cannot be inferred directly from the words themselves.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming aware of the reality of a situation. It comes from the idea of waking up and being jolted into alertness by the smell of coffee.

Meaning:
To become aware of the reality of a situation.

Usage:

1. He needed to wake up and smell the coffee about his financial situation.
2. She told him to wake up and smell the coffee regarding his career prospects.
3. They finally woke up and smelled the coffee about the project's challenges.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Face reality," "Get real," "Open your eyes."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to become aware of the reality or situation at hand, especially when someone has been ignoring it. The literal act of waking up and smelling coffee does not convey this realization of awareness, making the idiom non-literal and figurative. The figurative meaning of waking up to reality is distinct from the literal sense of brewing coffee.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in a bad mood from the moment one wakes up. It comes from the idea of starting the day with a negative outlook.

Meaning:
To be in a bad mood from the moment one wakes up.

Usage:

1. He woke up on the wrong side of the bed and was grumpy all day.
2. She must have woken up on the wrong side of the bed; she's so irritable.
3. They joked that he woke up on the wrong side of the bed.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In a foul mood," "Grumpy," "Irritable."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to start the day in a bad or grumpy mood, and has no connection to the literal side of the bed that one wakes up on. The origin of the idiom ties to superstitions or old sayings about how a person’s mood could be influenced by which side of the bed they woke up on, but the meaning is clearly non-literal and figurative.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes a warning or realization that prompts a response.

Meaning:
A warning or realization that prompts a response.

Usage:

1. The accident was a wake-up call for him to drive more carefully.
2. The poor test results served as a wake-up call for the students.
3. The financial crisis was a wake-up call for better management.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Eye-opener," "Reality check," "Warning signal."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to an event or situation that makes someone realize an important truth or change their perspective. The "wake-up" here isn't about literally waking someone from sleep but indicates a shift in awareness or a moment of realization.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes balancing carefully between two opposing actions or situations.

Meaning:
Balancing carefully between two opposing actions or situations.

Usage:

1. As a manager, he walks a fine line between being friendly and authoritative.
2. She walks a fine line in her work, balancing creativity and practicality.
3. The politician walks a fine line between different interest groups.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Tread carefully," "Balance delicately," "Navigate carefully."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to navigating a delicate or precarious situation, where any small mistake could lead to trouble. The "fine line" represents a narrow path or boundary, which doesn't refer to an actual line but a metaphorical challenge.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes understanding someone else's perspective by experiencing their situation.

Meaning:
Understanding someone else's perspective by experiencing their situation.

Usage:

1. You can't judge her until you've walked in her shoes.
2. He tried to walk in his colleague's shoes to understand the problem.
3. Empathy requires walking in someone else's shoes.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"See from another's perspective," "Put oneself in another's shoes," "Experience someone else's situation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to understand or experience things from another person's perspective. "Shoes" here symbolizes another person's situation or life, making the phrase metaphorical and not to be taken literally.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes something that is easy to do.

Meaning:
Something that is easy to do.

Usage:

1. Compared to the last project, this one is a walk in the park.
2. The exam was a walk in the park for her.
3. Fixing the issue was a walk in the park for the technician.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Piece of cake," "Easy as pie," "No sweat."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means something that is very easy or simple to do. The idiom uses "walk in the park" metaphorically to represent an activity that requires little effort, making it a figurative expression rather than a literal one.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of entering a dangerous or hostile situation. It comes from the biblical story of Daniel in the lion's den.

Meaning:
To enter a dangerous or hostile situation.

Usage:

1. He felt like he was walking into the lion's den at the meeting.
2. She knew attending the rival's event was walking into the lion's den.
3. They warned him about walking into the lion's den with his criticism.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Enter a danger zone," "Step into hostility," "Face a threat."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to enter a dangerous or risky situation, often without being fully prepared for the consequences. The literal meaning of walking into a den of lions doesn’t convey the figurative meaning of entering a perilous situation, making it an idiom. The concept of danger and risk is implied beyond the literal imagery of lions.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of feeling extremely happy or elated. It comes from the idea of being so happy that one feels weightless.

Meaning:
To feel extremely happy or elated.

Usage:

1. He was walking on air after the promotion.
2. She felt like she was walking on air after the good news.
3. They were walking on air following their engagement.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Elated," "Overjoyed," "On cloud nine."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to feel extremely happy or elated. The idiom "walk on air" cannot be understood literally because it does not refer to the physical act of walking in the air but instead symbolizes a euphoric or light feeling. The meaning cannot be deduced from the literal interpretation of the words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes being very cautious to avoid offending or upsetting someone.

Meaning:
Being very cautious to avoid offending or upsetting someone.

Usage:

1. We have to walk on eggshells around the boss.
2. She's been walking on eggshells since the argument.
3. They walked on eggshells to keep the peace.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Tread carefully," "Be cautious," "Tiptoe around."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be overly cautious or careful not to upset someone or cause a problem. "Eggshells" are a metaphor for something fragile or delicate, indicating the need for careful handling of a situation, not a literal interpretation of walking on eggs.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes doing something impossible or extraordinary.

Meaning:
Doing something impossible or extraordinary.

Usage:

1. She thinks he can walk on water with all his accomplishments.
2. The new product is so innovative, it's like walking on water.
3. His ability to solve problems makes it seem like he can walk on water.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Perform miracles," "Achieve the impossible," "Extraordinary ability."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to do something extraordinary or impossible. The idiom is not meant to be taken literally—walking on water is impossible, so the figurative meaning refers to achieving something seemingly miraculous or beyond the ordinary.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century, popularized by Johnny Cash's song, and symbolizes staying on the correct path or behaving properly.

Meaning:
Staying on the correct path or behaving properly.

Usage:

1. He tries to walk the line between work and family commitments.
2. The company needs to walk the line to stay compliant with regulations.
3. She walks the line to maintain a balance in her life.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Toe the line," "Stay on the straight and narrow," "Keep in line."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to maintain a balance or stay within certain limits, especially in difficult situations. The "line" represents a metaphorical boundary or standard that one must adhere to, and the meaning cannot be understood from the literal words alone.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 18th century and symbolizes being forced to accept punishment or a difficult situation.

Meaning:
Being forced to accept punishment or a difficult situation.

Usage:

1. He felt like he was walking the plank with the new job expectations.
2. The employees feared they would have to walk the plank after the company merger.
3. She felt like she was walking the plank during the disciplinary meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Face the music," "Meet one's fate," "Accept the consequences."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to facing a dire or fatal consequence, often used in the context of being in trouble or about to face punishment. The idiom comes from pirates forcing people to walk off the end of a plank into the sea, and its meaning is non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the late 20th century and symbolizes acting in accordance with one's stated beliefs or words.

Meaning:
Acting in accordance with one's stated beliefs or words.

Usage:

1. The leader needs to walk the talk and implement the changes he promised.
2. She walks the talk by practicing what she preaches.
3. It's important to walk the talk and not just make empty promises.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Practice what you preach," "Lead by example," "Put words into action."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to back up one's words with actions. "Talk" refers to one's promises or statements, and "walk" represents the actions that should follow. The idiom implies that one should act in accordance with what they say, rather than just speaking without following through.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes balancing in a risky or precarious situation.

Meaning:
Balancing in a risky or precarious situation.

Usage:

1. The diplomat has to walk the tightrope to maintain peace.
2. He felt like he was walking the tightrope with the sensitive negotiations.
3. The company walks the tightrope between innovation and stability.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Tread carefully," "Balance precariously," "Navigate a difficult situation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be in a risky or delicate situation that requires careful balance. "Tightrope" here is a metaphor for balancing risks or challenges, and the meaning cannot be derived from the literal sense of walking on a rope.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes enduring great challenges or difficulties.

Meaning:
Enduring great challenges or difficulties.

Usage:

1. She would walk through fire for her children.
2. He walked through fire to achieve his dreams.
3. The team walked through fire to win the championship.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Go to great lengths," "Endure hardships," "Face the music."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to endure great difficulty or hardship. The "fire" here symbolizes severe challenges, not literal flames, and the meaning cannot be deduced from the literal interpretation of the words.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the late 19th century and symbolizes feeling extremely happy or elated.

Meaning:
Feeling extremely happy or elated.

Usage:

1. She was walking on air after receiving the good news.
2. He felt like he was walking on air after the promotion.
3. They were walking on air after winning the lottery.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"On cloud nine," "Over the moon," "In seventh heaven."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to feel extremely happy or euphoric, as if one is light and floating. The idiom doesn’t literally refer to walking on air, but uses the image of weightlessness to express the emotional state of joy or happiness.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the notice of termination or dismissal from a job. It comes from the idea of giving someone papers that tell them to leave, as if walking out the door.

Meaning:
Notice of termination or dismissal from a job.

Usage:

1. He was handed his walking papers after the company downsized.
2. She knew she might get her walking papers if the project failed.
3. They were nervous about receiving walking papers during the layoffs.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Pink slip," "Termination notice," "Dismissal."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be dismissed from a job or position, usually in a formal manner. The idiom "walking papers" refers to the papers given to someone who is fired but cannot be understood literally, as it does not mean papers related to walking. The figurative meaning of being dismissed makes it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing someone who is often tempted to look at or flirt with others outside of their relationship. It comes from the idea of one's eye wandering away from their partner.

Meaning:
Someone who is often tempted to look at or flirt with others outside of their relationship.

Usage:

1. She worried about his wandering eye.
2. He was known for having a wandering eye despite being married.
3. They tried to address his wandering eye in counseling.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Unfaithful," "Fickle," "Flirtatious."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who looks at others romantically or sexually, especially when they are already in a relationship. The term "wandering" does not literally mean walking but instead figuratively suggests disloyalty or lack of focus. The meaning is not immediately obvious from the literal words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the desire for severe punishment or retribution. It comes from the biblical story of John the Baptist's head being demanded on a platter.

Meaning:
To desire severe punishment or retribution.

Usage:

1. The boss wanted his head on a platter for the mistake.
2. She felt her rivals wanted her head on a platter.
3. They wanted the criminal's head on a platter for his actions.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Seek revenge," "Desire punishment," "Demand retribution."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to want someone punished or held accountable, often in an extreme or vengeful way. The figurative use of "head" and "platter" suggests a desire for retribution, and it cannot be understood from the literal meanings of the words alone. This makes it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 17th century and symbolizes making someone feel happy and content.

Meaning:
Making someone feel happy and content.

Usage:

1. Her kind words warmed the cockles of my heart.
2. The charity's efforts warmed the cockles of his heart.
3. Seeing the children play together warmed the cockles of her heart.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Touch one's heart," "Make one's heart melt," "Fill with warmth."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to make someone feel happy or deeply touched, often with an emotional act of kindness. The "cockles" are not meant to be taken literally, but represent the deep emotional part of the heart.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-17th century and symbolizes accepting someone or something with all their faults and imperfections.

Meaning:
Accepting someone or something with all their faults and imperfections.

Usage:

1. She loves him warts and all.
2. The biography portrays the artist warts and all.
3. They showed the project warts and all, without hiding any flaws.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"As is," "With all faults," "No holds barred."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to accept or present something or someone in their entirety, including both the good and bad aspects. The idiom "warts" doesn’t literally refer to physical warts but metaphorically to flaws or imperfections.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century, originating from the Biblical story of Pontius Pilate, and symbolizes refusing to take responsibility for something.

Meaning:
Refusing to take responsibility for something.

Usage:

1. He decided to wash his hands of the whole affair.
2. She washed her hands of the project after the disagreement.
3. They washed their hands of the situation and moved on.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Disown," "Absolve oneself of," "Walk away from."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to disassociate oneself from a situation or responsibility, as if literally cleaning one’s hands to rid oneself of any involvement. The non-literal meaning here is a symbolic act of removing oneself from any further connection.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of discussing private or sensitive matters openly. It comes from the idea of airing one's dirty laundry for everyone to see.

Meaning:
To discuss private or sensitive matters openly.

Usage:

1. She didn't want to wash her dirty linen in public during the argument.
2. He was criticized for washing his dirty linen in public.
3. They decided not to wash their dirty linen in public to maintain privacy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Air dirty laundry," "Reveal secrets," "Discuss private matters."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to air one's personal or private problems in public. The idiom uses "dirty linen" metaphorically to represent private issues, and it does not refer to actual laundry. The figurative meaning of exposing private matters is not directly linked to the literal interpretation of the words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century and symbolizes speaking in vain or to no effect.

Meaning:
Speaking in vain or to no effect.

Usage:

1. Don't waste your breath arguing with him.
2. She realized she was wasting her breath trying to convince them.
3. They told him not to waste his breath on the unchangeable issue.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Talk to a brick wall," "Beat a dead horse," "Fall on deaf ears."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to speak or argue in vain, where one's efforts are futile. "Waste" is not about the literal loss of breath but emphasizes the uselessness of the action or words.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of observing someone very closely and attentively. It comes from the image of a hawk's keen eyesight and focused attention.

Meaning:
To observe someone very closely and attentively.

Usage:

1. The teacher watched the students like a hawk during the exam.
2. She watched her toddler like a hawk at the playground.
3. They watched the suspect like a hawk.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Monitor closely," "Keep a close eye on," "Observe attentively."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to observe someone very closely or carefully, often with an implication of scrutiny or suspicion. The idiom uses "hawk," an animal known for its sharp vision, to symbolize heightened vigilance. The figurative meaning cannot be deduced from the literal interpretation of "watch" and "hawk," making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes being cautious and alert to potential threats or deceit.

Meaning:
Being cautious and alert to potential threats or deceit.

Usage:

1. In this business, you need to watch your back.
2. She advised him to watch his back at the new job.
3. He had to watch his back after making enemies.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Be vigilant," "Stay alert," "Be on guard."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be cautious or vigilant, especially in situations where you might be at risk. The idiom uses "back" metaphorically to imply a need for awareness of potential threats or dangers, not referring to literally watching your back.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 19th century and symbolizes something having no effect or impact.

Meaning:
Something having no effect or impact.

Usage:

1. The criticism was like water off a duck's back to him.
2. She let the insults roll off her like water off a duck's back.
3. Their negative comments were water off a duck's back for him.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Shrug off," "Unfazed," "Impervious."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be unaffected by criticism or adversity, as if the "water" is easily shed off the duck’s feathers without leaving an impact. The meaning cannot be deduced literally from the words.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes past events that are no longer relevant or cannot be changed.

Meaning:
Past events that are no longer relevant or cannot be changed.

Usage:

1. We can't change the past; it's water over the dam.
2. Let's move on; it's all water over the dam now.
3. She considered her mistakes as water over the dam.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Water under the bridge," "Past is past," "Let bygones be bygones."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to events that have already happened and cannot be changed, symbolizing things that are past and gone, like water flowing past a dam. The literal meaning of "water" flowing is not what is meant here.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes past events that are no longer important or that can't be changed.

Meaning:
Past events that are no longer important or that can't be changed.

Usage:

1. Their argument is water under the bridge now.
2. Let's forget about our past disagreements; it's all water under the bridge.
3. After the apology, everything was water under the bridge.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Let bygones be bygones," "Move on," "Ancient history."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to past events that are forgiven or forgotten, implying that something is no longer a problem. "Water" here metaphorically symbolizes things that have passed, and it’s not about literal water under a bridge.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 20th century, primarily in technology and business contexts, symbolizing the act of performing a ritual or task that is believed to have no real effect but is done out of superstition or tradition. It comes from the image of waving a dead chicken over something as a meaningless gesture.

Meaning:
To perform a ritual or task that is believed to have no real effect but is done out of superstition or tradition.

Usage:

1. He waved a dead chicken by rebooting the computer again.
2. She felt like waving a dead chicken when trying to fix the old car.
3. They joked about waving a dead chicken to solve the problem.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Superstitious gesture," "Meaningless ritual," "Pointless task."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to perform a pointless or ineffective action, often in the context of ritual or superstition, as if trying to "sacrifice" the chicken without any real result. The idiom uses the "dead chicken" metaphorically to symbolize futility or an ineffective gesture. The non-literal meaning makes this an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes surrender or giving up.

Meaning:
Surrender or giving up.

Usage:

1. After hours of arguing, he finally waved the white flag.
2. The company waved the white flag and accepted the merger.
3. She waved the white flag and admitted she was wrong.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Give up," "Surrender," "Admit defeat."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to surrender or admit defeat. The "white flag" is not meant literally but symbolizes a gesture of capitulation, which conveys a non-literal meaning of giving up or conceding.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes someone or something that is very weak.

Meaning:
Very weak.

Usage:

1. His argument was as weak as water.
2. She felt as weak as water after the illness.
3. The team's defense was as weak as water.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Feeble," "Fragile," "Not strong."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be very weak, lacking in strength or resolve. "Water" here is used symbolically to convey fragility or lack of solid form, not referring to literal water.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes feeling weak or overwhelmed, often due to emotion or fear.

Meaning:
Feeling weak or overwhelmed, often due to emotion or fear.

Usage:

1. The sight of her made him weak at the knees.
2. She felt weak at the knees when she heard the news.
3. The performance left the audience weak at the knees.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Overwhelmed," "Stunned," "Emotionally affected."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to feel faint or overwhelmed, typically due to strong emotions such as fear or attraction. "Weak" and "knees" metaphorically represent a loss of physical or emotional strength, not a literal loss of stability.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes the least strong or effective part of something.

Meaning:
The least strong or effective part of something.

Usage:

1. The weak link in the team needs improvement.
2. She was worried about being the weak link in the project.
3. The old equipment is the weak link in the system.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Achilles' heel," "Weak spot," "Vulnerable point."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to the least strong or most vulnerable part of a system, group, or process. The "link" in this case refers metaphorically to a connection that is weaker or more easily broken, not a literal link.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of taking on multiple roles or responsibilities. It comes from the idea of wearing different hats to signify different roles.

Meaning:
To take on multiple roles or responsibilities.

Usage:

1. She wears many hats at her job, from manager to marketer.
2. He is known for wearing many hats in his community work.
3. They appreciated her ability to wear many hats in the organization.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Multitask," "Juggle roles," "Take on various roles."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to have many different roles or responsibilities, often in a work or social context. The "hats" represent different positions or duties, but this figurative meaning cannot be deduced from the literal interpretation of wearing hats. The figurative use of "hats" to symbolize roles makes this an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes staying too long or overstaying one's hospitality.

Meaning:
Staying too long or overstaying one's hospitality.

Usage:

1. We don't want to wear out our welcome, so we'll leave soon.
2. He wore out his welcome by staying too long.
3. She feared wearing out her welcome with her frequent visits.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Overstay one's welcome," "Stay too long," "Outstay one's welcome."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to stay too long in someone's company, causing them to become tired of your presence. "Wear out" is not meant literally, but indicates that someone has overstayed their welcome to the point of being unwanted.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, primarily in British English, symbolizing the person who holds the authority or control in a relationship. It comes from the traditional image of men wearing trousers and being seen as the authority figures.

Meaning:
To hold the authority or control in a relationship.

Usage:

1. Everyone knew she wore the trousers in their relationship.
2. He joked about who really wears the trousers at home.
3. They figured out quickly who wears the trousers in the family.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In charge," "Control," "Call the shots."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to being the dominant or controlling partner in a relationship, typically used in the context of gender roles. The literal idea of wearing trousers as a symbol of authority or control is not the focus; the figurative meaning of power dynamics in a relationship is what makes it an idiom. The connection to the literal words does not convey the full figurative meaning, making this an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes becoming less effective or less acceptable.

Meaning:
Becoming less effective or less acceptable.

Usage:

1. His excuses are starting to wear thin.
2. Their patience with him is wearing thin.
3. The old methods are wearing thin and need updating.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Lose effectiveness," "Become less tolerable," "Wearing out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to become less effective or to lose strength over time. The term "wear" refers to gradual erosion or reduction, not the literal physical wear of an object, but rather the diminishing of patience, tolerance, or effectiveness.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century and symbolizes showing one's emotions openly.

Meaning:
Showing one's emotions openly.

Usage:

1. She wears her heart on her sleeve and doesn't hide her feelings.
2. He was wearing his heart on his sleeve after the breakup.
3. They admire how she wears her heart on her sleeve.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Be open about emotions," "Show true feelings," "Transparent."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to openly display one’s emotions or feelings. The idiom uses "heart" metaphorically to represent emotions, and the "sleeve" suggests openness, but neither is meant literally in this context.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes enduring a difficult situation.

Meaning:
Enduring a difficult situation.

Usage:

1. The company managed to weather the storm during the recession.
2. She stayed strong to weather the storm of criticism.
3. They are trying to weather the storm of the financial crisis.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Ride out," "Survive," "Endure."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to endure difficult or challenging situations. "Weather" here doesn't refer to actual weather conditions, but instead symbolizes facing hardship or adversity and enduring it, metaphorically likened to surviving a storm.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 20th century, symbolizing someone who engages in intense or enthusiastic activities during the weekends, often in contrast to their weekday routine. It comes from the idea of taking on a warrior-like persona during the weekends.

Meaning:
Someone who engages in intense or enthusiastic activities during the weekends.

Usage:

1. He is a weekend warrior who loves hiking and camping.
2. She became a weekend warrior with her marathon training.
3. They were weekend warriors, tackling DIY projects.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Part-time enthusiast," "Recreational activist," "Weekend enthusiast."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who engages in a hobby or physical activity only on weekends, but does so with intense enthusiasm or commitment, typically in contrast to the regular workweek. While it could be interpreted literally as a person fighting or working on weekends, the figurative meaning about limited engagement with a hobby or sport gives it a non-literal meaning. Therefore, it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes relieving someone of a burden or worry.

Meaning:
Relieving someone of a burden or worry.

Usage:

1. Finishing the project was a weight off her shoulders.
2. His apology took a weight off my shoulders.
3. Finding a solution felt like a weight off their shoulders.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Relief," "Burden lifted," "Worry eased."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to feel relieved from a burden or responsibility. The "weight" is not literal but represents a figurative load or stress that has been alleviated, making the connection non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes something that operates smoothly and efficiently, like a well-maintained machine.

Meaning:
Something that operates smoothly and efficiently.

Usage:

1. The team functions like a well-oiled machine.
2. The event ran like a well-oiled machine thanks to good planning.
3. Her business operates like a well-oiled machine.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In perfect harmony," "Clockwork," "Seamless operation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively describes something (usually an organization or system) that operates efficiently and smoothly, just like a machine that has been lubricated. "Well-oiled" is metaphorical, referring to smooth functioning, not literal oiling.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of failing to honor an agreement or breaking a promise. It comes from a stereotype that unfairly associated Welsh people with deceitful behavior.

Meaning:
To fail to honor an agreement or break a promise.

Usage:

1. He was accused of welshing on a deal.
2. She warned him not to welsh on a deal.
3. They felt betrayed when he welshed on a deal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Renege," "Break a promise," "Go back on one's word."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to back out of an agreement or fail to honor a commitment. The term "Welsh" is not used in a literal sense relating to Wales or its people, but as a figurative way of indicating evasion or failure to fulfill one's obligations. Therefore, it has a non-literal meaning, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes someone who is inexperienced or naive.

Meaning:
Inexperienced or naive.

Usage:

1. He's still wet behind the ears and has much to learn.
2. The new recruits are wet behind the ears.
3. She might be wet behind the ears, but she's eager to learn.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Green," "Newbie," "Novice."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be inexperienced or new to something. The idiom originates from the literal idea that a newborn animal’s ears may be wet, but here it symbolizes a lack of experience or naivety, not an actual condition.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-19th century and symbolizes someone who dampens others' enthusiasm or fun.

Meaning:
Someone who dampens others' enthusiasm or fun.

Usage:

1. Don't be a wet blanket; join the party!
2. His negative comments were such a wet blanket.
3. She's always a wet blanket at social gatherings.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Party pooper," "Killjoy," "Spoilsport."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively describes someone who dampens others' enthusiasm or enjoyment, often by being negative or unenthusiastic. "Wet blanket" is not meant literally but refers metaphorically to a person who quashes fun or excitement.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing an exceptionally enjoyable or exciting experience. It comes from the image of a whale, representing something large and impressive.

Meaning:
An exceptionally enjoyable or exciting experience.

Usage:

1. They had a whale of a time at the amusement park.
2. She said she had a whale of a time at the concert.
3. He promised they would have a whale of a time on the trip.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Great time," "Fantastic experience," "Wonderful time."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to have an extremely enjoyable or fun time, with "whale" symbolizing something large or great in size. The idiom is not meant to be taken literally (i.e., relating to an actual whale), but figuratively, it conveys the idea of having a big or great time. Hence, it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes the concept of karma, where actions have consequences.

Meaning:
Actions have consequences.

Usage:

1. e believes that what goes around comes around.
2. If you treat others badly, remember what goes around comes around.
3. Her kindness will be repaid; what goes around comes around.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Karma," "Reap what you sow," "Payback."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that actions, especially negative ones, will eventually return to the person who initiated them, typically implying karma or retribution. The idiom is not meant to be taken literally but conveys a moral message.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes something that is exactly what is needed.

Meaning:
Something that is exactly what is needed.

Usage:

1. A vacation is just what the doctor ordered.
2. That hot soup was what the doctor ordered on a cold day.
3. The break was just what the doctor ordered for her.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Perfect remedy," "Exactly right," "Just what we needed."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means something is exactly what was needed or desired, often in a particular situation. It has no literal connection to medical orders but uses the doctor's suggestion metaphorically to mean something is perfectly suited to the need.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the idea that people should do what makes them happy or suits them best. It comes from the image of a boat floating smoothly on water.

Meaning:
People should do what makes them happy or suits them best.

Usage:

1. She told him to do whatever floats his boat.
2. He said, "Whatever floats your boat," when she made her choice.
3. They encouraged everyone to do whatever floats their boat.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Do what makes you happy," "Suit yourself," "Whatever works for you."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to do whatever makes you happy or suits your preferences. The idiom uses "boat" metaphorically to represent whatever is enjoyable or fulfilling to an individual. While "floating" is a literal activity, the figurative meaning about personal satisfaction is non-literal, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes questioning what the hidden drawback or condition is.

Meaning:
Questioning what the hidden drawback or condition is.

Usage:

1. This deal sounds too good to be true; what's the catch?
2. He was skeptical and asked, "What's the catch?"
3. There has to be a catch; what's the catch here?

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Hidden condition," "Fine print," "Strings attached."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to the suspicion that something, which appears good, may have a hidden downside or flaw. "Catch" here refers to an unspoken or hidden disadvantage, not a literal object being caught.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of engaging in complex and sometimes manipulative business or political negotiations. It comes from the idea of constantly moving and negotiating.

Meaning:
To engage in complex and sometimes manipulative business or political negotiations.

Usage:

1. He was known for his wheeling and dealing in the business world.
2. She got ahead through clever wheeling and dealing.
3. They were busy wheeling and dealing at the conference.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Negotiating," "Bargaining," "Deal-making."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to engaging in dishonest, manipulative, or underhanded business or negotiation tactics. While "wheeling" and "dealing" can have literal meanings relating to motion and transactions, the figurative meaning of scheming or negotiating deals is far removed from the literal interpretation, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes progress or movement happening, often behind the scenes.

Meaning:
Progress or movement happening.

Usage:

1. The wheels are turning on the new project.
2. You can tell the wheels are turning in his mind.
3. Behind the scenes, the wheels are turning to make it happen.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Progress," "In motion," "Moving forward."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that someone is thinking or processing information, as if their mind is working like a machine. "Wheels" are not literal but represent mental activity or thought processes in a metaphorical sense.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century and symbolizes considering everything or when everything is finished.

Meaning:
Considering everything or when everything is finished.

Usage:

1. When all is said and done, we did our best.
2. When all is said and done, family is what matters most.
3. When all is said and done, they achieved their goal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In the end," "Ultimately," "After everything."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means after everything has been considered or after everything is finished. The idiom does not literally refer to the completion of speech but indicates the final conclusion of a process or situation.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing an event that will never happen. It comes from the idea of hell, a place of eternal fire, freezing over, which is seen as an impossibility.

Meaning:
An event that will never happen.

Usage:

1. He'll apologize when hell freezes over.
2. She said she'll forgive him when hell freezes over.
3. They joked about finishing the project when hell freezes over.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Never," "Not in a million years," "Impossible."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that something will never happen or is highly unlikely. The idiom uses the image of "Hell freezing over" to suggest something that is impossible, which is a figurative meaning that cannot be directly understood from the words alone. The connection to the literal concept of Hell freezing over is not the focus, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 4th century, symbolizing the idea of adapting to the customs and behavior of the place one is visiting. It comes from the notion of following the local customs when in a new environment.

Meaning:
To adapt to the customs and behavior of the place one is visiting.

Usage:

1. She followed the local customs, thinking, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."
2. He embraced the traditions, remembering, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."
3. They adapted to the new culture, saying, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Adapt to the surroundings," "Follow local customs," "Blend in."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that you should adapt to the customs or behaviors of the place or situation you're in, even if they differ from your usual practices. While the literal meaning is about what people do in Rome, the figurative meaning is more about conforming to local customs, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the idea that problems or difficult situations tend to occur in clusters. It comes from the image of heavy rain following a drizzle.

Meaning:
Problems or difficult situations tend to occur in clusters.

Usage:

1. She felt that when it rains, it pours after a series of setbacks.
2. He experienced one issue after another, believing, "When it rains, it pours."
3. They faced multiple challenges, saying, "When it rains, it pours."

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Trouble comes in threes," "Bad luck comes in waves," "Problems cluster."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that when something bad happens, it often comes with a series of other misfortunes. The idiom uses the imagery of rain and pouring to describe an overwhelming situation, but the figurative meaning is not directly connected to the literal rain. This makes it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes something that will never happen.

Meaning:
Something that will never happen.

Usage:

1. He'll apologize when pigs fly.
2. She said she would go on a date with him when pigs fly.
3. He'll quit his job when pigs fly.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Never," "Impossible," "Not in a million years."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that something will never happen or is impossible. The image of pigs flying is absurd and not meant to be taken literally, but instead represents an event that will never occur.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes a situation that has become critical or urgent.

Meaning:
A situation that has become critical or urgent.

Usage:

1. When push comes to shove, we'll make the right decision.
2. When push comes to shove, they always support each other.
3. If push comes to shove, we'll find a solution.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In a crunch," "In a critical situation," "In an emergency."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a critical moment when decisive action must be taken, especially under pressure. The idiom uses "push" and "shove" metaphorically to convey a point of escalation, not about literal physical actions.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes situations that are critical or difficult.

Meaning:
When the situation is critical or difficult.

Usage:

1. When the chips are down, true friends are revealed.
2. She remains calm when the chips are down.
3. The team performs best when the chips are down.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"In a pinch," "Under pressure," "In a tight spot."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a moment of crisis or when someone faces adversity. The "chips" don’t refer to actual gambling chips but symbolize the stakes or the critical moment when real action is needed.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the idea that difficult situations reveal strong and resilient individuals. It comes from the notion that toughness is required to overcome challenges.

Meaning:
Difficult situations reveal strong and resilient individuals.

Usage:

1. She believed, "When the going gets tough, the tough get going."
2. He showed his resilience, thinking, "When the going gets tough."
3. They persevered through challenges, remembering, "When the going gets tough."

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Rise to the occasion," "Tough times test strength," "Overcome adversity."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to the idea that when a situation becomes difficult, strong or determined people will persist and overcome obstacles. The idiom uses "going" and "tough" in a metaphorical sense to convey the figurative idea of facing adversity, so the meaning cannot be directly inferred from the words alone, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes the point at which a plan or idea is put to the test.

Meaning:
The point at which a plan or idea is put to the test.

Usage:

1. We'll see what happens when the rubber meets the road.
2. The project goes live next week; that's when the rubber meets the road.
3. It's easy to plan, but harder when the rubber meets the road.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Put to the test," "In practice," "Real-world application."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means the point at which a theory or plan is put into action and its true effectiveness is tested. The "rubber" and "road" are metaphors representing practical application, not literal objects or surfaces.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 16th century, symbolizing the idea that a rumor or suspicion often has some basis in fact. It comes from the notion that smoke indicates the presence of fire.

Meaning:
A rumor or suspicion often has some basis in fact.

Usage:

1. They believed, "Where there's smoke, there's fire," about the allegations.
2. She thought, "Where there's smoke, there's fire," regarding the rumors.
3. He knew, "Where there's smoke, there's fire," and investigated further.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"No smoke without fire," "Rumors have truth," "Suspicion based on fact."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that rumors or signs of something often indicate that there is some truth or reality behind them. While "smoke" and "fire" have literal meanings, the figurative meaning of this idiom, which suggests that evidence often points to a real issue, is far from the literal interpretation. Therefore, it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of speaking romantic or affectionate words softly to someone. It comes from the idea of whispering intimate words that may not have significant meaning but are loving.

Meaning:
To speak romantic or affectionate words softly to someone.

Usage:

1. He loved to whisper sweet nothings to her.
2. She smiled as he whispered sweet nothings in her ear.
3. They exchanged sweet nothings during the evening.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Murmur love words," "Speak tenderly," "Whisper affections."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to say affectionate or romantic things, often in a soft and loving manner. The idiom cannot be understood by its literal words—"sweet" and "nothings" do not mean "loving words" in the context of this idiom. The figurative meaning here involves romantic or tender communication, and the words themselves don't reveal this, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 19th century and symbolizes making an effort that is futile or ignored.

Meaning:
Making an effort that is futile or ignored.

Usage:

1. His warnings were like whistling in the wind.
2. Trying to change her mind is like whistling in the wind.
3. The proposal felt like whistling in the wind, with no one paying attention.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Futile effort," "Fall on deaf ears," "In vain."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to do something that has little to no effect, often implying futility. The idea of "whistling" in the wind is a metaphor for an action that cannot succeed or make an impact, not a literal sound in the wind.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of staying cheerful or carefree in a frightening situation. It comes from the image of someone whistling to avoid fear while passing a graveyard at night.

Meaning:
To stay cheerful or carefree in a frightening situation.

Usage:

1. He tried to whistle past the graveyard during the financial crisis.
2. She was whistling past the graveyard, ignoring the potential problems.
3. They decided to whistle past the graveyard and hope for the best.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Stay positive," "Act brave," "Ignore fear."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to try to stay cheerful or optimistic in the face of fear or danger, often in a way that hides underlying anxiety or worry. The idiom "whistle past the graveyard" uses whistling as a metaphor for trying to maintain a brave exterior while being afraid. It cannot be understood literally, as it figuratively represents avoiding confrontation with something ominous or troubling, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of engaging in unrealistic or overly optimistic talk. It comes from the American song "Dixie," associated with the Confederacy, implying a romanticized or idealized view.

Meaning:
To engage in unrealistic or overly optimistic talk.

Usage:

1. He was whistling Dixie about his chances of winning.
2. She told him to stop whistling Dixie and face reality.
3. They were accused of whistling Dixie about the project's success.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Daydreaming," "Overly optimistic," "Unrealistic."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be overly optimistic or naive, often in a way that is disconnected from reality. "Whistling Dixie" refers to the idea of singing a carefree song in the face of serious matters. The idiom doesn't convey its meaning through the literal action of whistling or singing, but through a historical context tied to cultural naivety, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes attempting to stay brave or hopeful in a difficult situation.

Meaning:
Attempting to stay brave or hopeful in a difficult situation.

Usage:

1. He was whistling in the dark, pretending everything was fine.
2. They were whistling in the dark, hoping for the best.
3. She kept whistling in the dark despite the challenges.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Putting on a brave face," "Hope against hope," "False bravado."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to attempt something while being uncertain of the outcome or to act in a way that hides fear or anxiety. "Whistling" in this context does not refer to a literal sound, but to a metaphorical act of trying to feel brave.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing someone who is extremely pale, usually from fear or shock. It comes from the idea of a ghost being white and spectral.

Meaning:
Someone who is extremely pale, usually from fear or shock.

Usage:

1. He turned white as a ghost when he heard the news.
2. She was white as a ghost after the scare.
3. They became white as a ghost upon seeing the accident.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Pale as a sheet," "Ashen," "Blanched."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be very pale, usually due to shock, fear, or illness. While "white" and "ghost" are literal words, they cannot be understood in this combination to mean pale, as they are used figuratively here to describe a person's color, not an actual ghost. The idiom's meaning goes beyond the literal meaning of the words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing someone who is extremely pale, usually from fear, shock, or illness. It comes from the idea of a white sheet being colorless.

Meaning:
Someone who is extremely pale, usually from fear, shock, or illness.

Usage:

1. He was white as a sheet after the near miss.
2. She went white as a sheet when she saw the ghost.
3. They noticed he was white as a sheet before fainting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Pale as a ghost," "Ashen," "Blanched."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone looking very pale, especially due to fear or shock. While "white" and "sheet" have their literal meanings, the idiom as a whole cannot be understood by the literal words. It figuratively describes someone who is extremely pale, and the words themselves do not suggest this meaning directly, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century, stemming from the practice of giving rare albino elephants as burdensome gifts in Siam.

Meaning:
A possession that is more trouble than it is worth.

Usage:

1. The old mansion became a white elephant after the family moved out.
2. The expensive statue turned out to be a white elephant.
3. The company's acquisition ended up being a white elephant.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Burden," "Albatross," "Costly possession."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a possession that is more troublesome or costly than it is worth, often something that is difficult to dispose of. The "white elephant" is not a literal animal but a metaphor for a burdensome object or situation.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing a young person who is exceptionally talented or successful. It comes from the idea of someone who excels quickly and impressively, like a "whiz."

Meaning:
A young person who is exceptionally talented or successful.

Usage:

1. He was known as the whiz-kid of the tech industry.
2. She hired a whiz-kid to revamp the marketing strategy.
3. They admired the whiz-kid for his innovative ideas.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Prodigy," "Young genius," "Talented youth."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a young person who is exceptionally talented or skilled, especially in a particular field, such as technology or business. The term "whiz" implies a person with great aptitude or speed, while "kid" refers to a young person, but the phrase as a whole doesn't derive its meaning from the literal understanding of "whiz" or "kid." It’s a figurative expression used to describe someone as brilliant or exceptionally gifted, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes the whole thing or the entire situation.

Meaning:
The whole thing or the entire situation.

Usage:

1. He wants the whole enchilada, not just a small part.
2. The package includes the whole enchilada, all the features.
3. She explained the whole enchilada, leaving nothing out.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"The whole nine yards," "The works," "Everything."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means the entirety of something, often referring to a complex or complete situation. The "enchilada" is not meant literally, but as a metaphor for something that encompasses all elements of a given thing.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 19th century and symbolizes doing something fully and completely.

Meaning:
Doing something fully and completely.

Usage:

1. If we're going to redecorate, let's go whole hog.
2. He went whole hog on the project, leaving nothing undone.
3. They decided to invest whole hog into the new venture.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"All in," "Full throttle," "Go for it."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to do something to the fullest extent, without holding back. While "hog" refers to an actual animal, the phrase conveys a metaphorical meaning of total commitment or effort, not literal consumption of a hog.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes everything or all the components of something.

Meaning:
Everything or all the components of something.

Usage:

1. They packed up the whole kit and caboodle for the trip.
2. She inherited the whole kit and caboodle from her grandmother.
3. The package includes the whole kit and caboodle.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"The whole shebang," "Everything," "All-inclusive."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to everything or the entire thing. The "kit" and "caboodle" do not refer to literal objects but are metaphors for all parts of something, used to describe something in its entirety.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes a completely different situation.

Meaning:
A completely different situation.

Usage:

1. After the merger, it's a whole new ballgame.
2. Moving to a new city is a whole new ballgame for her.
3. The new rules make it a whole new ballgame.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Different scenario," "New set of circumstances," "Changed situation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means a completely new situation or challenge, often different from what was previously expected. The "ballgame" refers metaphorically to a significant change in circumstances, not to an actual game.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes going all the way or doing everything possible.

Meaning:
Doing everything possible; all of it.

Usage:

1. For his birthday, they went the whole nine yards with decorations and gifts.
2. She decided to go the whole nine yards for her wedding.
3. The presentation included the whole nine yards of data and visuals.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Full monty," "Leave no stone unturned," "All out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means the entire effort or everything involved in a situation. While "nine yards" can be traced to various historical uses, its figurative meaning is not tied to the literal measurement but to the concept of going all the way.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of being inaccurate or incorrect. It comes from the idea of missing the target or mark.

Meaning:
To be inaccurate or incorrect.

Usage:

1. His prediction was wide of the mark.
2. She admitted her estimate was wide of the mark.
3. They realized their assumptions were wide of the mark.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Off target," "Inaccurate," "Incorrect."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be incorrect or far from the correct answer or target. The idiom "wide of the mark" uses the idea of aiming at a target, but it does not directly relate to any literal interpretation of the words. The figurative meaning is clear and cannot be deduced from the individual words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes an unpredictable or unconventional element.

Meaning:
An unpredictable or unconventional element.

Usage:

1. He is the wild card in the competition; you never know what he'll do.
2. The weather could be the wild card in our plans.
3. She played the wild card and surprised everyone with her decision.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Unpredictable," "Loose cannon," "X-factor."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to an unpredictable element or person who can have a significant impact on a situation. "Wild card" comes from card games but is used metaphorically to describe anything that could unexpectedly alter outcomes.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century and symbolizes a futile or hopeless pursuit.

Meaning:
A futile or hopeless pursuit.

Usage:

1. Looking for that old document was a wild goose chase.
2. He sent them on a wild goose chase with his misleading directions.
3. The search for the treasure turned out to be a wild goose chase.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Chasing shadows," "Fruitless quest," "Hopeless pursuit."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a futile or hopeless search, based on the impossibility of catching a wild goose. It is not a literal chase but a metaphor for an endeavor that is unlikely to succeed.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes strong determination or refusal.

Meaning:
Strong determination or refusal.

Usage:

1. Wild horses couldn't drag me to that boring event.
2. She said, "Wild horses couldn't drag me away from my family."
3. He insisted, "Wild horses couldn't drag me to that meeting."

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Absolutely not," "No way," "Unyielding refusal."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that nothing could make someone do something, usually because they are unwilling or opposed. "Wild horses" represent an overwhelming force, but the idiom is not meant to be taken literally; it describes someone’s strong determination or refusal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes an exciting or unpredictable experience.

Meaning:
An exciting or unpredictable experience.

Usage:

1. Starting the new business has been a wild ride.
2. The movie takes you on a wild ride from start to finish.
3. Their relationship has been a wild ride with many ups and downs.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Thrill ride," "Roller coaster," "Adventure."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means an exciting, unpredictable experience, often with ups and downs. The "wild ride" metaphor conveys the idea of something thrilling and chaotic, not a literal ride on a horse or vehicle.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 17th century and symbolizes something elusive or unattainable.

Meaning:
Something elusive or unattainable.

Usage:

1. Chasing his dream seemed like pursuing a will-o'-the-wisp.
2. The perfect solution felt like a will-o'-the-wisp.
3. Their hopes for easy riches turned out to be a will-o'-the-wisp.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Fool's errand," "Unattainable goal," "Elusive dream."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to something elusive or deceptive, often used to describe something that seems desirable but leads nowhere. The term originally referred to mysterious lights seen at night, but the idiomatic meaning conveys the sense of something that misleads or is unattainable. The figurative meaning is far removed from the literal lights themselves, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes winning by a very large margin.

Meaning:
Winning by a very large margin.

Usage:

1. The candidate won the election by a landslide.
2. They won the game by a landslide score.
3. Her presentation won the competition by a landslide.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Decisive victory," "Overwhelming win," "Uncontestable victory."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to win overwhelmingly or by a large margin. The term "landslide" here is not referring to an actual landslide but is used as a metaphor to emphasize the vastness of the victory.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century, originating from horse racing, and symbolizes winning by a very small margin.

Meaning:
Winning by a very small margin.

Usage:

1. He won the race by a nose.
2. The team won the match by a nose in the final moments.
3. She won the debate by a nose, impressing the judges just enough.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Narrow victory," "Close win," "Barely won."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to win by a very small margin. The "nose" here is a metaphor for a tiny, almost imperceptible difference, which does not refer to an actual nose but highlights a narrow victory.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the late 19th century, originating from horse racing, and symbolizes winning easily or decisively.

Meaning:
Winning easily or decisively.

Usage:

1. The champion won the match hands down.
2. She won the contest hands down with her outstanding performance.
3. They won hands down, with no competition in sight.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Easy victory," "Unquestionable win," "Clear win."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to win easily or effortlessly. "Hands down" here refers to a gesture of simplicity or ease, rather than being about hands literally being lowered, emphasizing the lack of challenge in the victory.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes achieving success or victory.

Meaning:
Achieving success or victory.

Usage:

1. Their determination helped them win the day.
2. Despite the odds, the team won the day with their strategy.
3. Her speech won the day, swaying everyone's opinions.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Triumph," "Achieve victory," "Prevail."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to succeed or achieve victory, especially in a significant or decisive way. "Win the day" is not meant to be taken literally, but metaphorically represents overcoming challenges or triumphing in a situation.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes gaining someone's love or affection.

Meaning:
Gaining someone's love or affection.

Usage:

1. His kindness helped him win her heart.
2. She won the heart of the community with her dedication.
3. He tried to win her heart with romantic gestures.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Capture one's heart," "Gain affection," "Earn love."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to gain someone's affection, love, or approval. "Heart" here symbolizes emotions or personal feelings, and it is not meant to be interpreted literally as a physical organ.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of teasing or provoking someone. It comes from the image of winding up a toy to make it move, implying stirring someone into action.

Meaning:
To tease or provoke someone.

Usage:

1. He loved to wind his sister up with jokes.
2. She warned him not to wind her up before an important meeting.
3. They tried to wind each other up during the game.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Tease," "Provoke," "Agitate."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to tease, irritate, or provoke someone, typically to get a reaction out of them. The literal idea of winding something up, such as a toy, does not relate directly to the figurative meaning of causing someone to become upset or angry. This non-literal meaning makes it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of something falling into the possession of someone who may misuse or harm it. It comes from the idea of important or dangerous items ending up with the wrong people.

Meaning:
Something falling into the possession of someone who may misuse or harm it.

Usage:

1. He worried that sensitive information would wind up in the wrong hands.
2. She feared the documents might wind up in the wrong hands.
3. They ensured that the key wouldn't wind up in the wrong hands.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"End up with the wrong people," "Fall into unsafe hands," "Misuse."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that something has ended up in a situation or with people who are not suitable or trustworthy. While "wind up" refers to the end or final position of something, the meaning that something has been mishandled or misdirected cannot be directly inferred from the literal words, thus classifying it as an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the late 19th century, symbolizing the act of improvising or doing something without preparation. It comes from the theater, where actors who hadn't learned their lines would rely on prompts from the wings.

Meaning:
To improvise or do something without preparation.

Usage:

1. He decided to wing it during the presentation.
2. She felt confident enough to wing it in the interview.
3. They had to wing it when their plan fell apart.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Improvise," "Play it by ear," "Make it up as you go along."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to do something without preparation, often improvising or making it up as you go along. The idiom "wing it" does not relate directly to the literal act of using wings to fly or move, so the figurative meaning of improvisation is what classifies it as an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes a very small amount of sleep.

Meaning:
A very small amount of sleep.

Usage:

1. I didn't get a wink of sleep last night.
2. She hasn't had a wink of sleep in days.
3. He looked tired, as if he hadn't had a wink of sleep.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Not a minute's sleep," "No shut-eye," "Wide awake."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to sleep for only a brief moment, often implying a very short or disturbed period of rest. "Wink" is a metaphor here, referring to a fleeting or minimal amount of time rather than the literal action of blinking.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes a scenario where all parties benefit.

Meaning:
A scenario where all parties benefit.

Usage:

1. This deal is a win-win situation for both companies.
2. They found a solution that was a win-win situation for everyone involved.
3. The partnership is a win-win situation for both parties.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Mutually beneficial," "Everyone benefits," "No losers."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation in which all parties involved benefit or achieve a positive outcome. The idiom "win-win" is used metaphorically to describe mutual benefit, rather than a literal competition between winners.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes completely destroying or eliminating something.

Meaning:
Completely destroying or eliminating something.

Usage:

1. The storm wiped out the entire crop.
2. The competition wiped out their chances of winning.
3. He wiped out all the data by accident.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Eradicate," "Annihilate," "Obliterate."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to completely destroy, eliminate, or defeat something or someone. "Wipe out" is not meant literally but is used to convey total annihilation or loss in a given context.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the mid-20th century and symbolizes defeating someone thoroughly.

Meaning:
Defeating someone thoroughly.

Usage:

1. They wiped the floor with their opponents in the match.
2. She wiped the floor with him in the debate.
3. The team wiped the floor with the competition.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Crush," "Trample," "Overwhelm."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to defeat someone decisively or completely, often in a competition or conflict. "Wipe the floor" is a metaphor for overwhelming dominance, not a literal act of cleaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes starting over without any previous mistakes or debts.

Meaning:
Starting over without any previous mistakes or debts.

Usage:

1. They decided to wipe the slate clean and move on.
2. The new management wants to wipe the slate clean and start fresh.
3. He wiped the slate clean after the argument.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Start afresh," "Begin anew," "Clean start."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to forget past mistakes, errors, or grievances and start fresh. "Slate" here refers to the metaphor of a fresh beginning, not a literal object being wiped.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming aware or informed about something. It comes from the idea of gaining wisdom or insight.

Meaning:
To become aware or informed about something.

Usage:

1. She wised up to his deceitful behavior.
2. He needed to wise up to the realities of the situation.
3. They finally wised up to the scam.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Become aware," "Get informed," "Catch on."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become aware of or understand something that was previously unclear or hidden. The connection to "wise" and "up" is metaphorical, as it suggests a shift in awareness or perspective, which is not directly related to the literal meaning of the words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the desire to escape from an embarrassing or awkward situation. It comes from the image of wanting to disappear into the ground.

Meaning:
To desire to escape from an embarrassing or awkward situation.

Usage:

1. She wished the ground would swallow her up after the blunder.
2. He wanted the ground to swallow him up when he forgot his lines.
3. They felt like they wanted the ground to swallow them up during the awkward moment.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Feel embarrassed," "Want to disappear," "Wish to vanish."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to feel so embarrassed or mortified that you wish you could disappear. The literal meaning of the ground swallowing someone is not possible, so this expression is figurative and represents a desire to escape a situation. This makes it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes making a wish and hoping it will come true.

Meaning:
Making a wish and hoping it will come true.

Usage:

1. As a child, she would wish upon a star every night.
2. He wished upon a star for good luck.
3. They wished upon a star for their dreams to come true.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Make a wish," "Hope for the best," "Dream."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to make a wish or hope for something, often without much expectation or practicality. "Star" is not literal but serves as a symbol for dreaming or hoping for the impossible or improbable.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes hoping for something that is unlikely to happen.

Meaning:
Hoping for something that is unlikely to happen.

Usage:

1. Thinking he will change is just wishful thinking.
2. Her plans to travel the world are wishful thinking.
3. It's wishful thinking to expect everything to be perfect.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Unrealistic hope," "Pipe dream," "Fantasy."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to the act of hoping for something that is unlikely to happen, or unrealistic. "Wishful" is a metaphor for desires that are not grounded in reality, rather than actual thoughts being wished upon.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 17th century, symbolizing a campaign to persecute or harass individuals with unpopular views, often without proper evidence. It comes from historical witch hunts, where people were unjustly accused of witchcraft.

Meaning:
A campaign to persecute or harass individuals with unpopular views, often without proper evidence.

Usage:

1. He felt the investigation was a political witch hunt.
2. She was a victim of a witch hunt at work.
3. They accused the media of conducting a witch hunt against him.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Persecution," "Inquisition," "Unjust pursuit."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation where a group of people unfairly persecutes others, typically with little or no evidence. The literal meaning of hunting witches has evolved into a figurative concept of unjust persecution, which cannot be directly understood from the individual words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 18th century and symbolizes feeling sad or sorrowful.

Meaning:
Feeling sad or sorrowful.

Usage:

1. She left with a heavy heart after saying goodbye.
2. It was with a heavy heart that he made the decision to leave.
3. They parted ways with a heavy heart.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Sorrowfully," "With sadness," "Downhearted."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to feeling sorrowful or burdened by sadness. "Heavy heart" symbolizes emotional weight or sadness, not a literal feeling in the heart.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 16th century and symbolizes holding one's breath in anticipation.

Meaning:
Holding one's breath in anticipation.

Usage:

1. They waited with bated breath for the results.
2. She listened with bated breath to the announcement.
3. He watched with bated breath as the drama unfolded.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Anxiously awaiting," "Eagerly anticipating," "Holding one's breath."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to wait anxiously or eagerly for something to happen. "Bated" refers to being in a state of suspense or anticipation, not a literal action of holding one's breath.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 17th century and symbolizes achieving something with great success.

Meaning:
Achieving something with great success.

Usage:

1. She passed the exam with flying colors.
2. The team completed the project with flying colors.
3. He graduated with flying colors.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Successfully," "Triumphantly," "Victoriously."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to succeed or complete something with great success, especially after a challenge or test. "Flying colors" is a metaphor for displaying victory or excellence, not about literal colors or flags.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of offering something without any conditions or obligations. It comes from the idea of something being free from entanglements or restrictions.

Meaning:
To offer something without any conditions or obligations.

Usage:

1. She accepted the gift with no strings attached.
2. He offered his help with no strings attached.
3. They agreed to the deal with no strings attached.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Unconditional," "Free of obligations," "No conditions."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that there are no conditions or obligations attached to something. While the idiom refers to strings, which can be understood literally in some contexts, it figuratively means there are no hidden requirements or conditions, making it an idiomatic expression.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of failing to develop or come to fruition due to neglect or lack of support. It comes from the image of fruit withering on a vine without proper care.

Meaning:
To fail to develop or come to fruition due to neglect or lack of support.

Usage:

1. The project withered on the vine without funding.
2. She feared her career would wither on the vine.
3. They didn't want their ideas to wither on the vine.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Fail to thrive," "Neglected," "Unfulfilled potential."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to fail or die slowly, often due to neglect or lack of progress. While "wither" and "vine" are literal terms associated with plants, in this expression, they have taken on a figurative meaning that can’t be understood from the individual words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being very close to death.

Meaning:
Being very close to death.

Usage:

1. He was beaten within an inch of his life.
2. The accident brought her within an inch of her life.
3. They survived the ordeal within an inch of their lives.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Near death," "On the brink of death," "Almost dead."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to almost lose one's life or to come very close to a dangerous or extreme situation. The term "inch" here does not refer to a literal measurement but is used to emphasize the closeness to danger or harm.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of proceeding smoothly without any problems or difficulties. It comes from the idea of a hitch being a problem or delay.

Meaning:
To proceed smoothly without any problems or difficulties.

Usage:

1. The event went off without a hitch.
2. She hoped the meeting would run without a hitch.
3. They completed the project without a hitch.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Smoothly," "Seamlessly," "Without trouble."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something happening smoothly without any problems. The term "hitch" originally referred to a minor difficulty or obstacle, but in this idiomatic expression, it takes on a figurative meaning of something happening effortlessly. The meaning cannot be deduced from the literal words alone.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes eating something very quickly and greedily.

Meaning:
Eating something very quickly and greedily.

Usage:

1. He wolfed down his dinner in minutes.
2. She wolfed down the sandwich before the meeting.
3. They wolfed down their meals after the long hike.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Gobble up," "Devour," "Scarf down."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to eat something quickly and greedily, as a wolf might do. The "wolf" here does not refer to the literal animal, but serves as a metaphor for rapid and voracious eating.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 14th century and symbolizes someone who pretends to be harmless but is actually dangerous.

Meaning:
Someone who pretends to be harmless but is actually dangerous.

Usage:

1. He seemed kind, but he was a wolf in sheep's clothing.
2. Beware of the wolf in sheep's clothing in the team.
3. She turned out to be a wolf in sheep's clothing.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Two-faced," "Deceptive," "Underhanded."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who appears harmless or kind but is actually dangerous or deceitful. The "wolf" and "sheep's clothing" are metaphors for a person hiding their true, harmful nature behind a facade of innocence.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes a dangerous person within a group.

Meaning:
A dangerous person within a group.

Usage:

1. The spy was a wolf in the fold.
2. They didn't realize there was a wolf in the fold until it was too late.
3. She discovered the traitor, a wolf in the fold.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Betrayer," "Intruder," "Traitor."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who is pretending to be part of a group or situation while secretly intending to harm or exploit it. Similar to "wolf in sheep's clothing," the "wolf" is a metaphor for deceit or danger in a vulnerable setting.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of something working perfectly or very effectively. It comes from the idea of a magical charm having a powerful and flawless effect.

Meaning:
To work perfectly or very effectively.

Usage:

1. The new strategy worked like a charm.
2. She found that the remedy worked like a charm.
3. He was pleased to see his plan worked like a charm.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Effective," "Successful," "Perfect result."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to work perfectly or effectively, often in an effortless manner. The "charm" in this context doesn’t refer to a literal object, but rather symbolizes something that works magically or efficiently. This figurative use makes it an idiom rather than a phrase.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes working very hard.

Meaning:
Working very hard.

Usage:

1. He works like a dog to provide for his family.
2. She worked like a dog to finish the project.
3. They worked like dogs to clean up the mess.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Toil," "Labor intensely," "Grind."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to work very hard or labor intensely. "Dog" here does not refer to an actual animal but is used as a metaphor for working relentlessly or without respite.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 18th century and symbolizes working extremely hard.

Meaning:
Working extremely hard.

Usage:

1. She worked her fingers to the bone to support her children.
2. He worked his fingers to the bone on the farm.
3. They worked their fingers to the bone to complete the task.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Exhaust oneself," "Burn out," "Slave away."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to work extremely hard, often to the point of exhaustion. The idiom "fingers to the bone" is not meant literally but is a metaphor for intense, exhausting labor.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the idea of two things or people being very different from each other. It comes from the image of two worlds being so far apart that they have nothing in common.

Meaning:
Two things or people being very different from each other.

Usage:

1. Their opinions are worlds apart.
2. She realized their lifestyles were worlds apart.
3. He felt that their personalities were worlds apart.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Poles apart," "Night and day," "Completely different."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means two things or people that are very different or have completely different perspectives. The idiom "worlds apart" is not meant to be taken literally, as the term "worlds" refers figuratively to vast differences, not geographical distance.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of maneuvering oneself into or out of a situation, often using cunning or devious methods. It comes from the image of a worm wriggling through tight spaces.

Meaning:
To maneuver oneself into or out of a situation, often using cunning or devious methods.

Usage:

1. He wormed his way into the exclusive club.
2. She wormed her way out of the difficult task.
3. They managed to worm their way into the event.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Sneak in," "Weasel out," "Finagle."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to manipulate or slyly work oneself into (or out of) a situation, often in a subtle or sneaky manner. The idiom doesn’t refer to an actual worm, but rather uses it as a metaphor for gradual, often unnoticed influence, making it non-literal and figurative.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing a perspective from a very low or humble position. It comes from the image of seeing the world from the ground, like a worm.

Meaning:
A perspective from a very low or humble position.

Usage:

1. The story gives a worm's-eye view of the city's streets.
2. She offered a worm's-eye view of the company's operations.
3. He experienced a worm's-eye view of the event from the audience.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Ground-level view," "Low perspective," "Bottom-up view."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a perspective from a low or inferior position, often implying a limited or constrained view. The literal idea of a "worm's-eye view" is of little use outside of the figurative sense of seeing something from a disadvantaged viewpoint, which makes it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing someone who is extremely tired or exhausted. It comes from the idea of being worn out to the point of becoming frayed or frazzled.

Meaning:
Someone who is extremely tired or exhausted.

Usage:

1. He was worn to a frazzle after the long day.
2. She felt worn to a frazzle by the end of the week.
3. They looked worn to a frazzle from the intense work.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Exhausted," "Dead tired," "Burned out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be extremely exhausted or fatigued, often from overwork or stress. The idea of being "worn" to a frazzle implies a level of fatigue beyond just being tired, which is figurative and not meant to be interpreted literally.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes someone who worries excessively.

Meaning:
Someone who worries excessively.

Usage:

1. He's a worrywart about everything.
2. Stop being such a worrywart, everything will be fine.
3. She tends to be a worrywart, always anxious.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Nervous Nellie," "Fretter," "Anxious person."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a person who excessively worries about small or unlikely problems. "Worrywart" is not meant literally; the "wart" serves as a metaphor for a persistent and annoying trait (worrying).

Origin:
This idiom dates back to ancient Roman times, symbolizing someone who is competent and deserving of their pay. It comes from the practice of paying soldiers with salt, a valuable commodity at the time.

Meaning:
Someone who is competent and deserving of their pay.

Usage:

1. He is worth his salt in the engineering field.
2. She proved that she is worth her salt as a manager.
3. They hired him because he is worth his salt in marketing.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Competent," "Deserving," "Valuable."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be deserving of one's pay or position, usually through hard work or value. The literal meaning of "salt" doesn’t apply here, as the phrase uses "salt" metaphorically to represent value or worth in a person’s role or contribution.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing someone or something that is extremely valuable or important. It comes from the idea of equating worth to the high value of gold.

Meaning:
Someone or something that is extremely valuable or important.

Usage:

1. Her advice is worth its weight in gold.
2. He is worth his weight in gold to the company.
3. They found the information worth its weight in gold.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Invaluable," "Highly valuable," "Priceless."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be extremely valuable or useful. The comparison to gold symbolizes something rare and precious, making the idiom figurative. It’s not a literal interpretation of someone’s weight but rather a figurative way of assessing value.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing someone who would never be seen doing something because it is embarrassing or unacceptable to them. It comes from the idea of preferring death over being seen in a certain situation.

Meaning:
Someone who would never be seen doing something because it is embarrassing or unacceptable.

Usage:

1. She wouldn't be caught dead wearing that outfit.
2. He wouldn't be caught dead at the rival's party.
3. They wouldn't be caught dead doing such a thing.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Never," "No way," "Out of the question."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that someone would never do something, often because it is highly embarrassing or undesirable. The literal meaning of "being caught dead" does not convey the figurative sense of refusing something at all, making it an idiom with a non-literal interpretation.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of understanding or comprehending something complex or difficult. It comes from the idea of mentally embracing or grasping a concept.

Meaning:
To understand or comprehend something complex or difficult.

Usage:

1. He tried to wrap his brain around the complex theory.
2. She needed time to wrap her brain around the new process.
3. They struggled to wrap their brains around the instructions.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Understand," "Grasp," "Comprehend."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to understand something complex or difficult. The literal act of "wrapping" a brain around something is nonsensical and is used figuratively to indicate comprehension, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of understanding or comprehending something complex or difficult. It comes from the idea of mentally embracing or grasping a concept.

Meaning:
To understand or comprehend something complex or difficult.

Usage:

1. He tried to wrap his head around the complex theory.
2. She needed time to wrap her head around the new process.
3. They struggled to wrap their heads around the instructions.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Understand," "Grasp," "Comprehend."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to mentally process or understand something. Similar to the previous one, it uses "wrap" in a figurative sense, where the literal action of wrapping one's head does not align with the mental concept of understanding. This makes it non-literal and figurative, fitting the idiom category.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being overprotected or shielded from the harsh realities of life. It comes from the image of wrapping something in soft cotton wool to protect it from damage.

Meaning:
To be overprotected or shielded from the harsh realities of life.

Usage:

1. She felt like her parents had wrapped her up in cotton wool.
2. He accused them of wrapping their children up in cotton wool.
3. They realized they couldn't keep their kids wrapped up in cotton wool forever.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Overprotected," "Sheltered," "Coddled."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone being overly protected or shielded from harm or difficulty. The literal meaning of "wrapping up in cotton wool" is unrelated to the figurative idea of being overly cautious, making this expression an idiom with a non-literal meaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes causing a lot of trouble or damage.

Meaning:
Causing a lot of trouble or damage.

Usage:

1. The storm wreaked havoc on the small town.
2. The virus wreaked havoc on the computer systems.
3. Their prank wreaked havoc at the party.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Cause chaos," "Inflict damage," "Create disorder."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to cause destruction or chaos. "Wreak" refers to an action of causing, and "havoc" represents chaos, but neither term is meant literally. It is a metaphor for causing significant disruption.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 19th century, originating from the biblical story of Belshazzar's feast, where mysterious writing predicted doom.

Meaning:
A clear sign that something bad will happen.

Usage:

1. The company's financial troubles were the writing on the wall.
2. The team's poor performance was the writing on the wall for the coach's dismissal.
3. He ignored the writing on the wall and continued with his risky investments.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Omen," "Sign of things to come," "Forewarning."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to an omen or sign of impending disaster or failure. The "writing on the wall" is not meant literally but symbolizes something that is clear and inevitable but often ignored until it is too late.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the idea that someone's emotions or thoughts are very obvious from their facial expressions. It comes from the notion that feelings can be as clear as writing on a face.

Meaning:
Someone's emotions or thoughts are very obvious from their facial expressions.

Usage:

1. Her excitement was written all over her face.
2. He couldn't hide his disappointment; it was written all over his face.
3. Their joy was written all over their faces when they heard the news.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Plain to see," "Obvious," "Evident."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that someone’s emotions, intentions, or thoughts are very obvious and visible in their expression. The literal idea of something being “written” on a person’s face does not convey this figurative meaning, making it a non-literal idiomatic expression.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the early 20th century and symbolizes misunderstanding or getting the wrong idea.

Meaning:
Misunderstanding or getting the wrong idea.

Usage:

1. She got the wrong end of the stick and thought the meeting was canceled.
2. He had the wrong end of the stick about the project's requirements.
3. They got the wrong end of the stick and blamed the wrong person.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Misinterpret," "Misconstrue," "Get it wrong."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to misunderstand or misinterpret something. "Wrong end of the stick" is a metaphorical image that conveys the idea of handling or perceiving a situation incorrectly, not a literal object.