Origin:
The phrase is a straightforward piece of advice, believed to have come from early proverbs advocating caution in decision-making to avoid future regret.

Meaning:
Preferring to take precautions or avoid risks to prevent potential trouble or regret.

Usage:

1. I brought an umbrella because I'd rather be safe than sorry.
2. We should double-check the documents; I'd rather be safe than sorry.
3. He locked the doors early, always thinking it’s better to be safe than sorry.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Better safe than sorry", "A stitch in time saves nine", "Prevention is better than cure"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it is a metaphorical expression encouraging caution to avoid regret. Its meaning is tied to the literal ideas of safety and regret, making it more of a contextual maxim than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of adding something extra to an already good situation.

Meaning:
To add something extra to an already good situation.

Usage:

1. Getting a bonus was the icing on the cake for her successful year.
2. The perfect weather was the icing on the cake for their vacation.
3. Winning the award was the icing on the cake for their hard work.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Cherry on top," "Added bonus," "Finishing touch."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something additional that enhances or makes a situation even better, but it is still rooted in the literal concept of adding a finishing touch to a cake. While metaphorical, the phrase’s meaning is easily understood through the literal idea of cake decoration, which leads to a direct interpretation.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing a derogatory term for television.

Meaning:
A derogatory term for television.

Usage:

1. He told them to turn off the idiot box and read a book.
2. She complained that they spent too much time watching the idiot box.
3. They joked about being glued to the idiot box all day.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Boob tube," "TV," "Television."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it literally refers to a television, but it’s used figuratively to imply that television is a mindless or wasteful activity. The phrase draws on the literal meaning of "box" as a container and "idiot" as a derogatory term, giving a clear context for its meaning.

Origin:
This phrase has biblical origins and was popularized in English during the 17th century. It suggests that inactivity leads to sinful or harmful behavior.

Meaning:
If someone is idle, they are likely to engage in mischief or bad behavior.

Usage:

1. Keep the kids busy—idle hands are the devil’s workshop.
2. During the long summer break, idle hands can lead to trouble.
3. She believes in staying productive because idle hands are the devil’s workshop.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"An idle mind is the devil’s playground", "Too much free time breeds trouble", "Keep busy to stay out of trouble"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it metaphorically implies that inactivity can lead to wrongdoing. Its meaning is tied closely to the literal idea of idle hands and their potential to engage in mischief, making it more of a proverb than an idiom.

Origin:
This saying originated in the 19th century and was popularized by the poem "Try Again" by William Edward Hickson, first published in 1857.

Meaning:
Keep attempting something until you succeed.

Usage:

1. He failed the exam, but if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.
2. She didn’t give up on the project—if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.
3. Learning a new language can be tough, but if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Don’t give up", "Perseverance pays off", "Try until you succeed"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly encourages persistence in the face of failure. While somewhat metaphorical, the meaning is tied closely to the context of trying repeatedly, making it more of an inspirational saying.

Origin:
This phrase comes from common sense reasoning that changing something successful or functioning well might introduce unnecessary problems.

Meaning:
If something is working well, there’s no need to change or improve it.

Usage:

1. The system is running smoothly—if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.
2. He didn’t want to update the software; after all, if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.
3. The policy has been effective for years; if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Don’t mess with success", "Leave well enough alone", "If it’s not broken, don’t change it"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly advises against unnecessary changes to functional things. Its meaning is tied closely to the literal concept of something being broken and needing repair.

Origin:
This phrase is from an old English proverb dating back to the 16th century, and it means that simply wishing for something does not make it happen.

Meaning:
Wishing for something is useless if it’s not achievable.

Usage:

1. If wishes were horses, beggars would ride—stop dreaming and start acting.
2. She wishes for fame, but if wishes were horses, beggars would ride.
3. Wishing for good weather won’t change anything—if wishes were horses, beggars would ride.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Wishful thinking", "If only", "Just dreaming"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means wishing for something doesn’t make it happen. Its meaning is metaphorical but tied to the idea of a hypothetical world where wishes have tangible results.

Origin:
This phrase is believed to have emerged in the 19th century as a way of advising people to accept situations when they can’t change them.

Meaning:
If you are unable to defeat your opponent, it’s better to cooperate with them.

Usage:

1. I gave up trying to outdo them, so I decided if you can’t beat them, join them.
2. He joined the competition after realizing that if you can’t beat them, join them.
3. She stopped fighting and decided that if you can’t beat them, join them.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Join forces", "Concede defeat", "Go with the flow"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it advises adapting to circumstances or joining a prevailing group. The meaning is metaphorical but directly tied to the idea of competition and compromise.

Origin:
This phrase originated in the 18th century in a poem by Thomas Gray, "Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College," where it referred to the happiness of being unaware of future challenges.

Meaning:
Sometimes, not knowing something can be better than knowing it.

Usage:

1. He didn’t ask any questions about the issue; after all, ignorance is bliss.
2. In this case, ignorance is bliss—don’t worry about the details.
3. She chose not to confront the situation because ignorance is bliss.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"What you don’t know won’t hurt you", "Blissful ignorance", "Sometimes ignorance is better"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly conveys the idea that not knowing something can lead to happiness. While somewhat metaphorical, its meaning is tied to the literal concept of ignorance being a state of relief from burdensome knowledge.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the 16th century and refers to profits gained through unethical or illegal methods, where "ill" denotes bad or immoral.

Meaning:
Money or rewards obtained through dishonest or illegal means.

Usage:

1. He was arrested for his ill-gotten gains.
2. They tried to hide their ill-gotten gains from the authorities.
3. The company was forced to return its ill-gotten gains to the victims.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Blood money", "Dirty money", "Stolen wealth"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to money or possessions obtained dishonestly. While metaphorical, its meaning is tied closely to the context of dishonesty and profit, making it more literal than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase likely comes from the idea of being in a difficult situation or condition, either physically (e.g., ill) or emotionally. It has been used since the 19th century.

Meaning:
To be in a very poor or difficult condition, either physically or mentally.

Usage:

1. After the accident, he was in a bad way and needed help.
2. The company is in a bad way after the financial collapse.
3. She’s been feeling in a bad way ever since the breakup.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In bad shape", "In a bind", "In trouble"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it describes being in a poor or unfavorable condition. The meaning is metaphorical but directly tied to the context of a “bad way” representing hardship or difficulty.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being exceptionally good or outstanding in a particular area.

Meaning:
To be exceptionally good or outstanding in a particular area.

Usage:

1. Her performance was in a class of its own.
2. He is in a class of his own when it comes to innovation.
3. They believed their product was in a class of its own.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Exceptional," "Outstanding," "Unmatched."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone being so good or unique that they stand out from others, but it draws directly from the idea of someone being in a class (or category) that is theirs alone. The phrase uses the idea of "class" metaphorically but still with clear reference to the literal concept of classification.

Origin:
The term "slump" originally referred to a sudden or sharp drop, particularly in prices or stock markets. Over time, it was used to describe periods of poor performance in various areas like sports, work, or personal life.

Meaning:
In a period of poor performance or bad luck, often referring to a temporary decline.

Usage:

1. He's been in a slump lately and hasn't won a match in weeks.
2. Sales have been in a slump due to the economic downturn.
3. After a string of bad reviews, the actor found himself in a slump.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Down on your luck", "A rough patch", "In a rut"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a period of decline or inactivity. While somewhat metaphorical, the meaning is directly tied to the context of slumps in performance or mood, making it closer to a literal interpretation.

Origin:
The phrase likely originates from the metaphor of being stuck in a small or confined space, making it hard to move. This expression became common in the 19th century.

Meaning:
To be in a difficult or challenging situation.

Usage:

1. He found himself in a tight spot when he missed the meeting.
2. We’re in a tight spot, and we need a solution fast.
3. She was in a tight spot with no clear way out.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In a bind", "In a pickle", "Between a rock and a hard place"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a situation where someone is in difficulty or a challenging position, but the connection to the literal meaning of being "in a tight spot" is clear. The phrase evokes the image of being physically constrained in a small or difficult space, and while it can be metaphorical, the interpretation is directly tied to the context of being in a troublesome situation.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in poor physical condition or state.

Meaning:
To be in poor physical condition or state.

Usage:

1. After the accident, the car was in bad shape.
2. He realized he was in bad shape after the long run.
3. They found the old house in bad shape.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Poor condition," "Worn out," "Decrepit."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it literally refers to being in poor physical or mental condition. While it can be metaphorically applied to situations (like a project or a business being in bad shape), the core meaning of "bad shape" is still rooted in the literal interpretation of condition, whether physical or figurative.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of happening during the day, in plain sight.

Meaning:
To happen during the day, in plain sight.

Usage:

1. The robbery occurred in broad daylight.
2. She witnessed the incident in broad daylight.
3. They couldn't believe it happened in broad daylight.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In plain view," "Openly," "Clearly visible."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something happening in full view, typically implying that something is done openly or without concealment. The literal reference to daylight conveys the idea of openness, and while it can be used metaphorically to imply transparency, it still holds a clear connection to the literal words.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the 16th century and comes from the nautical term "straits," referring to narrow or dangerous sea passages. It evokes the idea of being trapped in a difficult situation.

Meaning:
To be in a very difficult or desperate situation.

Usage:

1. The company is in dire straits after the sudden drop in sales.
2. They found themselves in dire straits when their house was flooded.
3. The team is in dire straits and needs a win to stay in the tournament.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In hot water", "In a pickle", "In deep trouble"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being in a very bad or difficult situation. While metaphorical, the meaning is tied to the context of "straits" as narrow or tight conditions, making it more literal than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of happening in small, irregular amounts or intervals.

Meaning:
To happen in small, irregular amounts or intervals.

Usage:

1. The information was released in dribs and drabs.
2. She received the news in dribs and drabs.
3. They completed the work in dribs and drabs.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Bit by bit," "Sporadically," "Piece by piece."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to small, scattered amounts of something, typically something happening or being provided in stages. While it may suggest a metaphorical way of receiving something piecemeal, the individual words ("dribs" and "drabs") clearly indicate small portions, maintaining a literal connection to the concept.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 17th century, symbolizing the act of happening at the appropriate time.

Meaning:
To happen at the appropriate time.

Usage:

1. They will announce the results in due course.
2. She knew that success would come in due course.
3. He promised to address the issue in due course.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Eventually," "In time," "When the time is right."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something happening in the appropriate or expected time. The phrase draws on the literal understanding of time or sequence ("due course") and suggests that something will happen as it should, without the need for non-literal interpretation.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the 19th century, with "fits" referring to sudden bursts or uncontrollable actions. It is often used to describe extreme reactions like laughter that can't be easily controlled.

Meaning:
To laugh uncontrollably or in a wild manner, often in a way that is hard to stop.

Usage:

1. The comedian had the entire audience in fits of laughter with his hilarious jokes.
2. She was in fits of laughter after hearing her friend's funny story.
3. They were in fits of laughter during the movie's funniest scene.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Rolling on the floor laughing", "Laughing one's head off", "In stitches"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to laughing uncontrollably. While slightly metaphorical (as laughter is not literally a “fit”), the meaning is tied closely to the context of emotional outbursts.

Origin:
The phrase dates back to the 18th century, with "spirits" referring to the emotional or mental state, often associated with happiness or enthusiasm.

Meaning:
Feeling cheerful, happy, or optimistic.

Usage:

1. She was in high spirits after hearing the good news.
2. The team was in high spirits after their victory.
3. He was in high spirits all day, smiling and joking with everyone.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In a good mood", "Full of beans", "On top of the world"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means being happy or energetic. While “spirits” is used metaphorically, the phrase’s meaning is tied closely to describing an emotional state, making it more literal.

Origin:
This phrase is linked to law enforcement or chases, where pursuit was a significant action. It has been used since the 19th century.

Meaning:
Actively chasing or following something or someone.

Usage:

1. The police were in hot pursuit of the suspect.
2. The team was in hot pursuit of the championship title.
3. He was in hot pursuit of the best deal in town.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"On the trail", "Chasing after", "Hot on the heels"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means chasing someone or something closely. The meaning is closely tied to the literal act of pursuit, even though "hot" is used metaphorically to emphasize urgency.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, primarily in British English, symbolizing the act of indicating that something is not to be taken literally.

Meaning:
To indicate that something is not to be taken literally.

Usage:

1. He said he was a "genius," in inverted commas.
2. She described her "perfect" day, in inverted commas.
3. They referred to their "luxury" accommodation, in inverted commas.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Quote-unquote," "So-called," "Ironically."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the literal punctuation marks (quotation marks) used to indicate direct speech or quotations. While it may be used metaphorically to express something that is not genuine or is under quotation, the literal and straightforward connection to punctuation makes it a phrase.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being consistent or in harmony with something.

Meaning:
To be consistent or in harmony with something.

Usage:

1. In keeping with tradition, they held the annual festival.
2. Her outfit was in keeping with the theme of the party.
3. The changes were made in keeping with the company's policies.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Consistent with," "Aligned with," "In harmony with."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means to be consistent or in harmony with something, often used in contexts like tradition or style. The literal meaning ties to the idea of something being aligned or matching with something else, which can be extended metaphorically but remains firmly tied to the literal concept of keeping things consistent.

Origin:
This phrase comes from the process of producing coins in a mint, where they are created in pristine condition. The phrase began to be used in the 19th century.

Meaning:
In perfect or nearly perfect condition, as if brand new.

Usage:

1. The antique car is still in mint condition after all these years.
2. The book was found in mint condition, with no wear or damage.
3. The rare coin is in mint condition, making it highly valuable.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Like new", "As good as new", "In perfect shape"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means something is in excellent or perfect condition. The term "mint" is metaphorical but refers directly to the process of minting coins, making the phrase closely tied to its literal roots.

Origin:
This phrase has been used since the 16th century, symbolizing the best and most energetic period of someone’s life.

Meaning:
The period of peak performance, especially in youth or early adulthood.

Usage:

1. He was in his prime when he won the gold medal.
2. She’s in the prime of her life.
3. He performed at his best when he was in his prime.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"At the peak", "At the height", "In the bloom of youth"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being in the best period of life, whether in terms of health, success, or vitality. While “prime” is metaphorical, its meaning is tied directly to describing a peak state.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of reflecting on or considering past events.

Meaning:
To reflect on or consider past events.

Usage:

1. In retrospect, she realized her mistake.
2. He felt wiser in retrospect.
3. They found the experience valuable in retrospect.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Looking back," "In hindsight," "Reflecting on the past."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it literally refers to looking back or thinking about past events. While it can be metaphorically used to indicate reflection or analysis of something that has already happened, the phrase retains a clear connection to the literal idea of reviewing something in the past, making it a phrase with a straightforward meaning tied to time and reflection.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being under reliable or trustworthy care.

Meaning:
To be under reliable or trustworthy care.

Usage:

1. She knew her project was in safe hands with her team.
2. He felt in safe hands with the experienced doctor.
3. They trusted that their investment was in safe hands.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Well taken care of," "Secure," "Trustworthy care."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being in a secure or reliable situation or under the care of someone trustworthy. The literal interpretation of "safe hands" directly connects to the idea of protection or security, and while it can be metaphorically extended, it still relies on the clear concept of safety and trust in the context.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in a stable or calm situation.

Meaning:
To be in a stable or calm situation.

Usage:

1. After the turmoil, they were finally in smooth waters.
2. Her career was in smooth waters with the new promotion.
3. They felt their relationship was in smooth waters.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Calm," "Stable," "Trouble-free."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a situation where things are going well or without difficulty, drawing on the literal idea of smoothness, typically associated with calm seas. Although it can be used metaphorically to describe a peaceful or trouble-free situation, it still maintains a connection to the literal imagery of calm, undisturbed water, making it a phrase.

Origin:
The phrase comes from the word "synchronize," meaning to operate at the same time or rate. The phrase "in sync" started being used in the 20th century, particularly with regard to music and dance, to refer to coordinated movements.

Meaning:
When two or more things are perfectly coordinated or aligned in action or thought.

Usage:

1. The dancers moved in sync during the performance.
2. The team was in sync, and it showed in their smooth collaboration.
3. They worked in sync to complete the project before the deadline.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"On the same page," "In harmony," "Like clockwork"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means being in harmony or perfect alignment. The term "sync" is a shorthand for synchronization and is tied directly to its literal meaning, even if metaphorical in certain contexts.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of being in a state of uncertainty or suspense.

Meaning:
To be in a state of uncertainty or suspense.

Usage:

1. The outcome of the trial was in the balance.
2. Her future was in the balance as she awaited the results.
3. They knew their project was in the balance due to funding issues.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Uncertain," "Undecided," "In suspense."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a situation that is uncertain or undecided, where the outcome is still to be determined. The literal idea of something "in the balance" can refer to something physically balanced, like an object on a scale, but in this context, it clearly ties to the figurative meaning of uncertainty or risk, making it a phrase grounded in a contextual interpretation.

Origin:
This phrase is derived from the idea of being in a "clear" or unobstructed path, indicating safety. It has been in use since the 19th century.

Meaning:
To be free from danger or difficulty.

Usage:

1. After passing the inspection, we’re in the clear.
2. He’s finally in the clear after the investigation ended.
3. Once the storm passed, they were in the clear.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In the clear", "Out of the woods", "Free and clear"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means being free from danger, suspicion, or difficulty. While metaphorical, its meaning is closely tied to the direct interpretation of "clear" as being free from obstacles.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the 14th century, where "flesh" was used to refer to the human body. Over time, it came to signify physically meeting someone in person, as opposed to seeing them through mediated means.

Meaning:
To see or meet someone in person, rather than just hearing about or seeing them through other means like photos or videos.

Usage:

1. I finally got to meet my favorite author in the flesh at the book signing event.
2. It's amazing to see the band in the flesh after watching their concerts online.
3. She looks even more beautiful in the flesh than on Instagram.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face to face," "In person," "Up close"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means being physically present rather than appearing in another form (e.g., virtually or in an image). While slightly metaphorical, the meaning is closely tied to the literal interpretation of "flesh" as a physical body.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 16th century, symbolizing the act of occurring or being in the intervening time.

Meaning:
To occur or be in the intervening time.

Usage:

1. In the interim, she decided to take a short course.
2. They planned to renovate the house in the interim.
3. He took a temporary job in the interim.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Meanwhile," "In the meantime," "During the interval."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the period of time between two events or states, particularly the time between transitions or changes. The phrase literally suggests a temporary state or gap between two things, and while it may be used metaphorically to refer to any transitional phase, its meaning is closely tied to the literal idea of "interim" as a period between events.

Origin:
This phrase is thought to have originated in the 19th century, used to describe long-term results in economics and investment.

Meaning:
Over a long period of time.

Usage:

1. It might be tough now, but in the long run, it will pay off.
2. Exercise is challenging, but in the long run, it’s beneficial.
3. Saving money might seem hard now, but in the long run, it’s worth it.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Over time", "In the end", "Eventually"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means considering the outcome over a long period of time. While metaphorical, its meaning is tied to the literal concept of duration.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in a remote or isolated location.

Meaning:
To be in a remote or isolated location.

Usage:

1. They found themselves in the middle of nowhere during the trip. She felt like she was living in the middle of nowhere. He enjoyed the peace and quiet in the middle of nowhere.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Back of beyond," "Isolated place," "Remote area."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a remote, desolate, or isolated place, and while it has some metaphorical elements, it is primarily used in a literal context. The words "middle of nowhere" directly evoke a geographical or spatial sense of isolation. It can also be used figuratively to describe a place far from civilization, but its meaning is tied closely to its literal sense.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in a situation that is advantageous or beneficial due to timing and location.

Meaning:
To be in a situation that is advantageous or beneficial due to timing and location.

Usage:

1. She felt lucky to be in the right place at the right time for the job opportunity.
2. He was in the right place at the right time to witness the event.
3. They succeeded because they were in the right place at the right time.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Perfect timing," "Fortuitous," "Lucky."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a situation where someone or something is ideally positioned or happens to occur at the best moment. While it can have a figurative meaning of being fortunate or well-timed, the phrase’s meaning is very much grounded in a literal and contextual interpretation of timing and location.

Origin:
This phrase comes from the wake or trail left behind by a ship as it moves through the water, symbolizing something that follows or occurs as a consequence of another event.

Meaning:
As a result of something that has just happened or occurred; following.

Usage:

1. In the wake of the storm, many homes were damaged.
2. The company had to make changes in the wake of the economic downturn.
3. In the wake of the scandal, the CEO resigned.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
 "As a result of", "Following", "In the aftermath of"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means as a result of or following an event. While metaphorical (referring to the literal "wake" left behind by a ship), its meaning is tied to the concept of consequences or aftermath.

Origin:
The phrase comes from the process of something being made or crafted, especially in a workshop. It has been used since the 19th century.

Meaning:
Something is being planned or developed.

Usage:

1. The new policy is in the works.
2. The project is still in the works and hasn’t been finalized.
3. They have something big in the works for the company.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In the pipeline", "In development", "In progress"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because the meaning is tied to the context and the individual words, as "works" in this case refers directly to the process of creation or development, making the meaning more literal in nature. While the phrase might be used metaphorically in some cases, its core meaning is closely aligned with the idea of something being worked on, hence it is a phrase rather than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in an unfortunate situation due to bad timing and location.

Meaning:
To be in an unfortunate situation due to bad timing and location.

Usage:

1. He was in the wrong place at the wrong time when the fight broke out.
2. She got caught in the storm, just in the wrong place at the wrong time.
3. They realized they were in the wrong place at the wrong time when the accident happened.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Bad timing," "Unlucky," "Misfortune."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because the meaning is tied to the context and the individual words, as "works" in this case refers directly to the process of creation or development, making the meaning more literal in nature. While the phrase might be used metaphorically in some cases, its core meaning is closely aligned with the idea of something being worked on, hence it is a phrase rather than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of maintaining communication or connection with someone.

Meaning:
To maintain communication or connection with someone.

Usage:

1. They promised to stay in touch after the reunion.
2. She is in touch with her colleagues regularly.
3. He wanted to keep in touch with his old friends.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Stay connected," "Maintain contact," "Keep communicating."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to maintaining communication or contact with someone, and while it can have metaphorical uses, the core meaning is tied directly to the literal idea of keeping in contact or reaching out. The expression is grounded in the concept of connection and communication, which is clear from the words themselves.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being in a situation where one is facing legal issues or problems.

Meaning:
To be in a situation where one is facing legal issues or problems.

Usage:

1. He found himself in trouble with the law after the incident.
2. They warned him not to get in trouble with the law.
3. She was in trouble with the law for breaking the rules.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Facing legal issues," "In legal trouble," "Breaking the law."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being in legal or legal-related trouble, with a clear and direct connection to the words involved. The meaning is closely tied to the context of facing legal consequences or issues, making it grounded in a literal interpretation of law and trouble.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to Middle English, where "vain" was used to mean futile or pointless. It has its roots in the Latin word "vanus," meaning empty or futile.

Meaning:
Without success or a desired result; futile or unsuccessful.

Usage:

1. She tried in vain to convince her boss to give her more time.
2. The search for the missing dog went on in vain.
3. He worked in vain to fix the broken machine, only to realize it was beyond repair.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"For nothing", "To no avail", "In futility"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means doing something without success or purpose. While metaphorical, the meaning of "vain" is directly tied to its literal definition of being futile or ineffective.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of being very strong or powerful, often used to describe products or solutions.

Meaning:
To be very strong or powerful, often used to describe products or solutions.

Usage:

1. They used industrial-strength cleaners for the tough stains.
2. She bought industrial-strength adhesive for the repair.
3. The project required industrial-strength support to succeed.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Extra strong," "Heavy-duty," "High-power."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being of a very strong or durable quality, usually to emphasize the high power or effectiveness of something. It uses "industrial-strength" metaphorically to suggest durability or power, but the meaning is closely tied to the individual words. The expression is used in contexts that directly relate to how something is built to withstand tough conditions, so it is a phrase rather than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 21st century, symbolizing the act of being obsessed with or constantly seeking information, particularly through digital means.

Meaning:
To be obsessed with or constantly seeking information, particularly through digital means.

Usage:

1. He suffers from infomania and spends hours on his phone.
2. She joked about her infomania when she couldn't stop googling.
3. They discussed the effects of infomania on productivity.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Information overload," "Data obsession," "Knowledge compulsion."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the obsessive need or desire to consume information, especially in the digital age, and is formed by combining "information" and "mania." The meaning is tied to the literal words of information and obsession or compulsion, and while it has a metaphorical layer, the meaning is contextually clear. Thus, it is a phrase rather than an idiom.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of understanding the detailed and intricate aspects of something.

Meaning:
To understand the detailed and intricate aspects of something.

Usage:

1. She knows the ins and outs of the software.
2. He explained the ins and outs of the project to the team.
3. They took time to learn the ins and outs of the process.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Details," "Nitty-gritty," "Specifics."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the detailed or complex aspects of something, such as a process or situation. The expression conveys understanding the various components or facets of something, and while it uses metaphorical language, it is closely tied to the literal meaning of comprehending all details. The connection to the literal words is clear, making this a phrase.

Origin:
The phrase likely originated in the 16th century, where "inside out" referred to turning an item or situation the opposite way to understand it better or to see it in its entirety.

Meaning:
Completely or thoroughly; also refers to something being reversed or turned to the opposite side.

Usage:

1. She knows that book inside out and can summarize it in minutes.
2. I turned the jacket inside out by mistake while washing it.
3. The detective examined the evidence inside out to find the clue.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Through and through", "Backwards and forwards", "Completely"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it can literally mean reversing the inside and outside of an object (e.g., clothing). However, when metaphorical (e.g., knowing something thoroughly), the meaning is still closely tied to the literal idea of full comprehension.

Origin:
This phrase comes from the strong, armored ships of the 19th century, which were called "ironclads" due to their protective iron plates.

Meaning:
A guarantee that is very strong, secure, and unbreakable.

Usage:

1. The company offers an ironclad guarantee on its products.
2. They signed an ironclad guarantee to ensure the deal went through.
3. He gave an ironclad guarantee that the product would work.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"100% guaranteed", "Sure thing", "No doubts"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means a guarantee that is firm and unbreakable. While "ironclad" is metaphorical, the meaning directly ties to the literal concept of strength and security.

Origin:
This phrase has been in use since the early 17th century, symbolizing the act of having multiple projects or opportunities ongoing simultaneously.

Meaning:
To have multiple projects or opportunities ongoing simultaneously.

Usage:

1. He has several irons in the fire with his various ventures.
2. She keeps many irons in the fire to diversify her investments.
3. They always have irons in the fire to stay busy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Multiple projects," "Various endeavors," "Several tasks."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to having multiple tasks, projects, or opportunities at once. The metaphor originates from the idea of handling more than one iron on a forge, but the meaning is clear and tied to the literal words—managing multiple things at once. Therefore, it’s more of a phrase, with its metaphorical meaning rooted in a straightforward and contextual understanding of the term.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of forgetting something temporarily.

Meaning:
To forget something temporarily.

Usage:

1. She apologized, saying it slipped her mind to call back.
2. He admitted that the appointment slipped his mind.
3. They apologized when the deadline slipped their minds.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Forgot," "Overlooked," "Missed."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to forgetting something temporarily. While it uses a metaphorical image of something "slipping" from one's mind, the phrase is closely related to the literal concept of forgetting. The meaning is directly tied to the individual words—forgetting something, and the connection to the literal act of memory loss is clear. Therefore, it’s a phrase rather than an idiom.

Origin:
The phrase has been in use for centuries, symbolizing the inevitability of an event happening after a certain period.

Meaning:
It is certain to happen eventually.

Usage:

1. He will succeed; it’s just a matter of time.
2. It’s a matter of time before they notice the mistake.
3. Success is a matter of time with perseverance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Sooner or later", "In due time", "Inevitable"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means something is inevitable and will happen eventually. The meaning is closely tied to the literal understanding of time passing, even if metaphorical in some uses.

Origin:
This phrase is derived from sports and games where the outcome is uncertain and could go either way. It has been in use since the mid-20th century.

Meaning:
The outcome is uncertain and could go either way.

Usage:

1. With both teams playing so well, it's anyone's call who will win.
2. The election is so close, it's anyone's call.
3. The competition is tough, and it's anyone's call who will get the job.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Up in the air," "Too close to call," "Anyone's guess."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a situation where the decision is left to the discretion of anyone involved. While the expression "call" can be metaphorical, it is directly tied to the act of making a decision, which is the focus here. The phrase does not require a figurative or non-literal interpretation, as it simply emphasizes the choice being up to anyone, making it a phrase.

Origin:
This phrase dates back to the 16th century and refers to something that is equal in all respects, making no difference which option is chosen.

Meaning:
There is no significant difference between two options.

Usage:

1. Whether we go by car or train, it's as broad as it's long.
2. Choosing between these two restaurants is as broad as it's long.
3. The results will be the same, so it's as broad as it's long.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Six of one, half a dozen of the other," "No difference," "Same difference."

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means that there is no meaningful difference between two options, and the decision could go either way. The expression uses the metaphor of something being equal in width and length, but the phrase doesn't rely on a figurative meaning that isn't clear from the individual words. The connection to the literal description of something being "as broad as it is long" is direct and clear, making it a phrase.