Origin:
This idiom originated in the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of attending an event uninvited.

Meaning:
To attend an event uninvited.

Usage:

1. They decided to gatecrash the wedding reception.
2. He was caught gatecrashing the exclusive party.
3. She laughed when her friends suggested they gatecrash the event.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Crash a party," "Sneak in," "Attend uninvited."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to entering a place (usually a party) without an invitation or without being welcome. The word "gate" and "crash" on their own don’t imply the act of uninvited entry, so the idiom is figurative, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 19th century, symbolizing a muscle cramp, especially in the leg.

Meaning:
A muscle cramp, especially in the leg.

Usage:

1. He got a charley horse while running the marathon.
2. She massaged her calf to relieve the charley horse.
3. They laughed when he complained about a charley horse after sitting too long.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Muscle cramp," "Leg cramp," "Muscle spasm."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a painful muscle cramp, particularly in the leg. The literal meaning of a "Charley horse" (a specific type of cramp) does not directly explain the pain or physical condition, making it a non-literal expression with a figurative meaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of enjoying or finding pleasure in something.

Meaning:
To enjoy or find pleasure in something.

Usage:

1. He gets a kick out of playing pranks on his friends.
2. She got a kick out of watching comedy shows.
3. They get a kick out of exploring new places.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Enjoy," "Take pleasure in," "Find amusing."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to enjoy or be amused by something. The literal meaning of "kick" does not directly convey enjoyment or amusement, so the phrase is figurative and its meaning cannot be deduced from the words alone, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of provoking someone to react, often with anger or annoyance.

Meaning:
To provoke someone to react, often with anger or annoyance.

Usage:

1. He loved getting a rise out of his sister with his teasing.
2. She tried to get a rise out of him by making sarcastic comments.
3. They enjoyed getting a rise out of their friend with playful jokes.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Provoke," "Irritate," "Annoy."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to provoke a reaction, especially an emotional one, from someone. The words "get a rise" do not literally imply provoking someone, so this is a figurative expression that cannot be understood just by interpreting the words individually, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of regaining energy or strength after initial fatigue.

Meaning:
To regain energy or motivation after feeling tired or discouraged

Usage:

1. After a short break, she got a second wind and finished the project.
2. He was tired at the beginning of the race, but he got a second wind and finished strong.
3. After the lunch break, I got a second wind and managed to complete all my tasks.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Renewed energy," "Find new strength," "Revitalize."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means regaining energy or motivation after feeling fatigued. The idiom is figurative and originates from sailing, where "second wind" refers to a renewed breeze, but it cannot be deduced literally.

Origin:
This idiom likely originated in the medical profession, where “medicine” was a cure, and receiving the same medicine symbolizes receiving what one deserves.

Meaning:
To experience the same negative treatment that one has given to others.

Usage:

1. After years of criticizing others, he finally got a taste of his own medicine.
2. She was rude to everyone, but then she got a taste of her own medicine when people ignored her.
3. He’s always late, but when it happened to him, he got a taste of his own medicine.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Reap what you sow," "What goes around comes around," "Receive one's own treatment."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means experiencing the same unpleasant treatment one has given to others. The idiom is entirely figurative and does not relate literally to medicine or taste.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of inserting a word into a tight space, symbolizing difficulty in speaking.

Meaning:
To have an opportunity to speak in a conversation that is dominated by others.

Usage:

1. She could hardly get a word in edgewise during the meeting.
2. He finally got a word in edgewise after everyone else had spoken.
3. They struggled to get a word in edgewise at the noisy party.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Interrupt," "Find a gap to speak," "Squeeze in a word."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means managing to speak or contribute to a conversation that is dominated by others. The idiom is figurative and cannot be deduced from the literal meaning of "edgewise."

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the extreme example of murder to emphasize escaping consequences.

Meaning:
To do something very bad without being punished or facing consequences.

Usage:

1. He thinks he can get away with murder because of his connections.
2. The spoiled child gets away with murder.
3. They got away with murder, avoiding any penalties.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Avoid punishment," "Evade consequences," "Escape scot-free."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means doing something wrong without facing consequences. The idiom is figurative, as it does not literally involve committing or escaping punishment for murder.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming very upset or angry.

Meaning:
To become very upset or angry.

Usage:

1. She got bent out of shape when her plans were changed last minute.
2. He gets bent out of shape over minor issues.
3. They got bent out of shape during the heated argument.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Become upset," "Get angry," "Lose one's temper."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become overly upset or agitated, and the literal interpretation of "bent out of shape" (which suggests something physically distorted) does not directly explain the emotional response of getting upset. The connection to the literal words is figurative, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming overly enthusiastic or losing self-control.

Meaning:
To become overly enthusiastic or lose self-control.

Usage:

1. He got carried away with excitement during the celebration.
2. She often gets carried away when discussing her favorite topics.
3. They got carried away and spent more than they planned.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Overdo it," "Lose control," "Get overly enthusiastic."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become overly enthusiastic or lose control of one's emotions or actions. The literal meaning of "carried away" (being physically transported) does not directly convey this figurative idea, making it an idiom where the meaning cannot be deduced from the words themselves.

Origin:
The idiom likely comes from the physical sensation of cold feet, often linked to anxiety or nervousness.

Meaning:
To feel nervous or unsure, especially before an important event or decision.

Usage:

1. She got cold feet about moving to a new city and decided not to go.
2. He had cold feet before the wedding, but his friends reassured him.
3. I was going to quit my job, but I got cold feet at the last minute.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get jittery", "Have second thoughts", "Back out"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means feeling nervous or hesitant about proceeding with a decision or action. The idiom is entirely figurative, as it does not involve literal cold feet.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of starting a task quickly.

Meaning:
To start a task quickly.

Usage:

1. We need to get cracking on this project if we want to meet the deadline.
2. She told her team to get cracking on their assignments.
3. They decided to get cracking early in the morning.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get going," "Get moving," "Start immediately."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to start working or begin something with urgency. The literal meaning of "cracking" does not convey the figurative idea of starting quickly or putting in effort. The connection to the literal words is figurative, so it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and likely refers to measuring fabric accurately using brass tacks, symbolizing getting to the essentials.

Meaning:
To focus on the basic, most important details of a matter.

Usage:

1. Let's get down to brass tacks and discuss the budget.
2. They got down to brass tacks and finalized the deal.
3. She wanted to get down to brass tacks in the meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Focus on details," "Get to the point," "Address the essentials."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means focusing on the essential facts or core of a matter. The idiom is figurative, with unclear origins, and its meaning cannot be deduced from the literal words.

Origin:
This idiom likely refers to the discomfort of being in hot water, symbolizing a difficult or dangerous situation.

Meaning:
To get into trouble or difficulty.

Usage:

1. He got in hot water for breaking the office rules.
2. She found herself in hot water after missing the deadline.
3. They got in hot water when the project failed.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get into trouble", "Get into a pickle", "Find oneself in a jam"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means getting into trouble or a difficult situation. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal hot water.

Origin:
This idiom refers to entering a business or project at the starting point, much like being on the lowest floor of a building.

Meaning:
To become involved in something at the very beginning.

Usage:

1. She got in on the ground floor of the tech startup and made a fortune.
2. He was able to invest early and get in on the ground floor of the real estate boom.
3. If you want to succeed in this field, you need to get in on the ground floor.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get in early", "Start at the beginning", "Join from the start"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to joining a venture at an early stage to benefit from future success. The idiom is figurative, as it does not literally involve a building or a ground floor.

Origin:
The idiom likely refers to being in someone’s "books" as in their list of favored individuals, and gaining favor is akin to being "in" those books.

Meaning:
To gain someone's favor or approval.

Usage:

1. She brought him a coffee to get in his good books.
2. He did all his work well to get in his boss’s good books.
3. He’s trying to get in her good books by being extra nice.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Win someone's favor", "Get on someone's good side", "Make a good impression"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means gaining someone's favor or approval. The idiom is figurative and not connected to literal books.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of annoying or bothering someone.

Meaning:
To annoy or bother someone.

Usage:

1. The children were getting in their mother's hair while she was working.
2. He tried to stay out of his sister's hair during her study time.
3. They were getting in the teacher's hair with their constant chatter.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Annoy," "Bother," "Irritate."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to annoy or irritate someone. The literal meaning of "getting in someone's hair" does not imply causing annoyance, making it a non-literal expression that cannot be understood just by interpreting the words individually.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the early 20th century and uses the imagery of swinging in rhythm, symbolizing becoming familiar and comfortable.

Meaning:
To become accustomed to and start enjoying an activity or situation

Usage:

1. She finally got into the swing of things at her new job.
2. It took him a while, but he got into the swing of things.
3. They got into the swing of things and started having fun.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get accustomed," "Adapt," "Become comfortable."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means becoming accustomed to or fully involved in an activity or routine. The idiom is figurative and not related to literal swinging.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of perfecting something through practice.

Meaning:
To perfect something through practice.

Usage:

1. He got his presentation skills down to a fine art.
2. She got baking down to a fine art with years of practice.
3. They got customer service down to a fine art.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Master," "Perfect," "Refine."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to master something or to do it with great skill, usually after practice. The idiom "down to a fine art" does not have a literal connection to the physical act of creating art, but figuratively refers to the idea of mastering a process, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of starting something in a positive or successful way.

Meaning:
To start something in a positive or successful way.

Usage:

1. They got off on the right foot with their new business.
2. She got off on the right foot in her new job.
3. He made sure to get off on the right foot with his team.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Start well," "Begin successfully," "Get a good start."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means starting something in a positive or favorable way. The idiom is figurative, as it does not literally involve using the "right foot" to begin an activity, and its meaning cannot be deduced from the words alone.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of escaping punishment or consequences.

Meaning:
To escape punishment or consequences for something.

Usage:

1. He got off scot-free after the trial.
2. She got off scot-free despite the evidence against her.
3. They got off scot-free with just a warning.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Escape punishment," "Get away with it," "Avoid consequences."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means escaping punishment or consequences for wrongdoing. The idiom is figurative, and the term "scot-free" does not have a literal connection to the context of punishment.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of being freed from a difficult situation or obligation.

Meaning:
To be freed from a difficult situation or obligation.

Usage:

1. He got off the hook when his friend took the blame.
2. She was relieved to get off the hook for the error.
3. They managed to get off the hook after the misunderstanding was cleared up.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Escape blame," "Avoid responsibility," "Be freed."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to escape from a difficult situation or to avoid responsibility. The literal meaning of "getting off the hook" does not convey this figurative sense of evading trouble, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing a strong and immediate rapport or friendship.

Meaning:
To have a strong and immediate rapport or friendship.

Usage:

1. They met at a party and got on like a house on fire.
2. She and her new coworker got on like a house on fire.
3. He got on like a house on fire with his new neighbors.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Become fast friends," "Hit it off," "Connect instantly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to get along very well with someone or form a strong, immediate connection. The idiom "like a house on fire" does not directly relate to the act of forming a good relationship, making it figurative and non-literal, hence an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-19th century, originating from the use of bandwagons in political campaigns to attract attention. It symbolizes joining others in doing something that is currently popular or fashionable.

Meaning:
To join others in doing something that is currently popular or fashionable.

Usage:

1. She decided to get on the bandwagon and start investing.
2. He got on the bandwagon and joined the new fitness trend.
3. They got on the bandwagon with their competitors.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Join the trend," "Follow the crowd," "Jump on board."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means joining others in support of something popular or successful. The figurative use of "bandwagon" for a popular trend or movement makes the phrase non-literal and idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 18th century, symbolizing the act of behaving in an arrogant or self-righteous manner. The idiom originates from the notion of riding a tall horse, which was associated with superiority.

Meaning:
To behave in an arrogant or self-righteous manner.

Usage:

1. She got on her high horse and refused to listen.
2. He tends to get on his high horse during discussions.
3. They told him to get off his high horse and be humble.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Act superior," "Be condescending," "Behave arrogantly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means acting arrogant or superior. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal horse, and its meaning cannot be deduced from the individual words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century and uses the imagery of something slipping out of one's grip to symbolize loss of control.

Meaning:
To become uncontrollable or difficult to manage.

Usage:

1. The situation quickly got out of hand during the meeting.
2. Things started to get out of hand when people began shouting.
3. If we don’t act now, this could get out of hand.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Spiral out of control", "Get out of control", "Go awry"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means a situation becoming unmanageable. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve anything physically leaving someone's hand, and its meaning cannot be deduced literally.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of having complete control or power over someone.

Meaning:
To have complete control or power over someone.

Usage:

1. The boss has him by the short hairs with that contract.
2. She got him by the short hairs with the evidence she found.
3. They felt like the landlord had them by the short hairs with the lease agreement.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Control," "Dominate," "Have power over."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to have control over someone or to be in a position where they are forced to do something. The literal meaning of "short hairs" (often referring to the hair at the back of the neck) does not convey this figurative sense of control, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from fishing, where getting a fish off the hook means freeing it, symbolizing relief from obligation.

Meaning:
To free someone from a difficult situation or responsibility.

Usage:

1. She got him off the hook by taking the blame.
2. He was relieved to be off the hook for the mistake.
3. They got off the hook with a warning.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Exonerate," "Clear of blame," "Free from responsibility."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means freeing someone from blame or responsibility. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal hook, and its meaning is not tied to the literal interpretation of the words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of irritating or annoying someone.

Meaning:
To irritate or annoy someone.

Usage:

1. His constant humming really gets my goat.
2. She knew exactly how to get his goat with her teasing.
3. They got the teacher's goat by not paying attention in class.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Annoy," "Irritate," "Bug."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to irritate or anger someone. The literal meaning of "getting someone's goat" does not imply causing irritation, making it figurative and non-literal, hence an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of receiving deserved punishment or retribution.

Meaning:
To receive deserved punishment or retribution.

Usage:

1. He finally got his comeuppance for cheating on the test.
2. She was relieved to see the villain get his comeuppance at the end of the movie.
3. They believed the corrupt official would eventually get his comeuppance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face the music," "Get what’s coming," "Receive just deserts."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to receive deserved punishment or consequences, usually for bad actions. The literal meaning of "comeuppance" does not convey this sense of receiving justice or retribution. The figurative meaning cannot be deduced from the individual words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of understanding the general meaning or point of what someone is saying.

Meaning:
To understand the general meaning or point of what someone is saying.

Usage:

1. He didn’t say it directly, but I got his drift.
2. She nodded, showing she got my drift.
3. They didn’t explain everything, but we got their drift.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Catch the point," "Understand," "Grasp the idea."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to understand someone's point or the general idea of what they are saying. The literal meaning of "drift" does not imply understanding, so the expression is non-literal and figurative, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom likely refers to the practice of arranging ducks in a row, symbolizing order and organization.

Meaning:
To organize things and get them in proper order.

Usage:

1. Before the meeting, make sure you get your ducks in a row.
2. I need to get my ducks in a row before the project deadline.
3. It’s important to get your ducks in a row before starting something new.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get organized", "Sort things out", "Get things together"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means organizing or preparing everything efficiently. The figurative use of "ducks in a row" makes the phrase non-literal, as it does not relate to actual ducks.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of gaining initial experience in a new activity or field.

Meaning:
To gain initial experience in a new activity or field.

Usage:

1. He got his feet wet in the marketing department before moving to sales.
2. She wanted to get her feet wet in volunteering before committing long-term.
3. They got their feet wet by working on small projects first.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Gain experience," "Start out," "Get initiated."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to try something for the first time or get involved in a new experience. The literal meaning of "getting one's feet wet" (being in water) does not directly imply this figurative idea of initiating a new experience, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of engaging in hard or manual work.

Meaning:
To engage in hard or manual work.

Usage:

1. The manager wasn’t afraid to get his hands dirty when needed.
2. She got her hands dirty planting the garden.
3. They were willing to get their hands dirty to complete the project.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Work hard," "Do manual labor," "Get involved directly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to engage in hard work, often with a morally or physically messy task. The literal meaning of "getting one's hands dirty" does not directly convey this figurative concept of being involved in tough or unpleasant work, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of receiving the appropriate punishment or reward for one’s actions.

Meaning:
To receive the appropriate punishment or reward for one’s actions.

Usage:

1. The dishonest employee got his just deserts.
2. She felt he got his just deserts after cheating.
3. They believe that everyone eventually gets their just deserts.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face the consequences," "Receive due punishment," "Get what one deserves."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to receiving a deserved outcome, often a punishment, for one's actions. The idiom "just deserts" is a play on the word "desserts," but it has a figurative meaning that cannot be deduced from the literal meaning of the words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of misunderstanding or miscommunicating.

Meaning:
To misunderstand or miscommunicate.

Usage:

1. We got our wires crossed and missed the meeting.
2. She got her wires crossed and thought the event was tomorrow.
3. They often get their wires crossed when discussing complex topics.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Misunderstand," "Miscommunicate," "Mix up."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to misunderstand or confuse someone's communication or intentions. The literal meaning of "wires crossed" does not explain the figurative concept of confusion or miscommunication, making it an idiom.

Origin:
The idiom implies releasing something heavy or burdening, as if taking a weight off one’s chest.

Meaning:
To express one’s feelings, especially after holding them in for a long time.

Usage:

1. She finally got it off her chest and told him how she felt.
2. I need to get this off my chest before I explode.
3. He got it off his chest and apologized for his behavior.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Speak one’s mind", "Let it out", "Unload"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means expressing a burden or concern to feel relief. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal burden being removed from someone's chest.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of expressing or doing something to relieve oneself of it.

Meaning:
To express or do something to relieve oneself of it.

Usage:

1. She wrote a letter to get her feelings out of her system.
2. He went for a run to get the stress out of his system.
3. They decided to talk it out to get it out of their system.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Release," "Express," "Vent."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to expel or release emotions or actions that have been pent up. The literal meaning of "getting something out of your system" does not directly convey the figurative idea of releasing emotions or letting go of something mentally or emotionally, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from sports, where getting the ball rolling means starting the game or activity.

Meaning:
To start something or set something in motion.

Usage:

1. Let’s get the ball rolling and start the meeting.
2. We need to get the ball rolling on this project if we want to meet the deadline.
3. Once we get the ball rolling, everything will fall into place.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Start the ball rolling", "Get started", "Set the wheels in motion"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means starting an activity or process. The figurative use of "ball rolling" makes the idiom non-literal, as it does not involve a physical ball.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of defeating or outsmarting someone.

Meaning:
To defeat or outsmart someone.

Usage:

1. She got the better of him in the debate.
2. He got the better of his opponent in the chess match.
3. They got the better of their rivals with a clever strategy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Outsmart," "Defeat," "Overcome."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to defeat or outsmart someone, either in a competition or argument. The literal meaning of "getting the better" does not convey this idea of triumphing over someone in a non-literal way, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming skilled or accustomed to something through practice.

Meaning:
To become skilled or accustomed to something through practice.

Usage:

1. It took a few tries, but I finally got the hang of it.
2. She didn’t understand the software at first, but now she’s got the hang of it.
3. Once you get the hang of it, driving in the city is easy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Learn the ropes," "Master," "Become proficient."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means learning or becoming proficient in something. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally "hanging" or grasping anything physical.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming nervous or anxious.

Meaning:
To become nervous or anxious.

Usage:

1. He always gets the jitters before a big presentation.
2. She got the jitters before her job interview.
3. They got the jitters during the final exam.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Nervous," "Anxious," "Tense."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to feel nervous or anxious, often in anticipation of something. The literal meaning of "jitters" does not directly convey this figurative sense of nervousness or unease, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of understanding the general situation or environment.

Meaning:
To understand the general situation or environment.

Usage:

1. He needed to get the lay of the land before making any decisions.
2. She took a walk around the office to get the lay of the land.
3. They spent the first day getting the lay of the land.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Assess the situation," "Understand the environment," "Get a sense of things."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means understanding a situation, environment, or context before taking action. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve physically observing or measuring land, and its meaning cannot be deduced from the literal words alone.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of being given misleading or evasive information.

Meaning:
To be given misleading or evasive information.

Usage:

1. He got the runaround when he asked for help.
2. She felt like she was getting the runaround from customer service.
3. They gave him the runaround instead of a straight answer.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be misled," "Receive evasive answers," "Get the brush-off."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be given evasive or misleading responses, typically in the context of being sent from one person or place to another without receiving a clear answer or help. The literal meaning of "runaround" (moving around in circles) does not convey this figurative meaning, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being dismissed from a job.

Meaning:
To be dismissed from a job.

Usage:

1. He got the sack for being late too often.
2. She feared she might get the sack after the mistake.
3. They got the sack during the company downsizing.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be fired," "Be dismissed," "Lose one's job."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be dismissed or fired from a job. The literal meaning of "getting the sack" does not have anything to do with being fired, so it is a figurative expression that cannot be deduced from the individual words alone.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and likely refers to drawing lots, where the shortest stick represents an unfavorable outcome.

Meaning:
To receive the worst or least favorable outcome in a situation.

Usage:

1. He always gets the short end of the stick in negotiations.
2. She felt she got the short end of the stick in the deal.
3. They got the short end of the stick with the new policy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Receive the worst," "Get a raw deal," "Come off badly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means receiving the worse or less favorable outcome in a situation. The idiom is figurative, as it does not literally refer to a physical stick or its length.

Origin:
This idiom likely comes from the entertainment industry, where "getting the show on the road" referred to starting a performance or tour after the preparations.

Meaning:
To begin an event or activity after preparing for it.

Usage:

1. The team is ready, so let’s get the show on the road!
2. We’ve prepared everything; now it’s time to get the show on the road.
3. After months of planning, they finally got the show on the road.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get things rolling", "Get started", "Kick things off"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means starting an activity or event. The figurative use of "show" and "road" makes it non-literal, as it does not involve an actual show or road.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being intensely questioned or interrogated.

Meaning:
To be intensely questioned or interrogated.

Usage:

1. He felt like he got the third degree from his parents.
2. She gave him the third degree about his whereabouts.
3. They gave the suspect the third degree in the interrogation room.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be grilled," "Be interrogated," "Be intensely questioned."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be intensely questioned or interrogated, often to obtain information. The literal meaning of "third degree" (a rank or level) does not explain the figurative concept of a prolonged or aggressive questioning, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and comes from wrestling, where gaining the upper hand means gaining control, symbolizing advantage.

Meaning:
To gain control or advantage over someone or something.

Usage:

1. She got the upper hand in the negotiations.
2. He managed to get the upper hand during the debate.
3. They got the upper hand in the competition.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Give it a shot," "Try one's best," "Make an effort."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means gaining control or an advantage over someone. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve physically having a higher hand or position.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the late 19th century, symbolizing the act of becoming overconfident or arrogant.

Meaning:
To become overconfident or arrogant.

Usage:

1. He got too big for his boots after the promotion.
2. She warned him not to get too big for his boots.
3. They told her she was getting too big for her boots with her demands.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be arrogant," "Overestimate oneself," "Be too confident."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become arrogant or overconfident, usually beyond what is appropriate. The literal meaning of "getting too big for your boots" does not explain this figurative sense of arrogance, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom likely comes from the idea that something can irritate or "crawl" beneath your skin, causing discomfort or annoyance.

Meaning:
To annoy or irritate someone.

Usage:

1. His constant chatter really gets under my skin.
2. The way she interrupts people gets under my skin.
3. The loud music from the neighbor’s house gets under my skin every night.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Drive someone crazy", "Rub someone the wrong way", "Get on someone's nerves"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to deeply annoy or irritate someone. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve physically being under someone's skin, and its meaning is not directly tied to the literal words.

Origin:
The idiom likely refers to the idea of a breeze or wind carrying information or news, which can spread quickly.

Meaning:
To learn about something, often indirectly or through rumors.

Usage:

1. She got wind of the surprise party and ruined the surprise.
2. He got wind of the new project before anyone else.
3. We got wind of the changes to the schedule last week.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Catch wind of", "Hear about", "Learn of"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means hearing or learning about something, often indirectly or through rumors. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal wind carrying information.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming aware or informed about something, often deceitful or dishonest.

Meaning:
To become aware or informed about something, often deceitful or dishonest.

Usage:

1. He got wise to their scheme and reported them.
2. She got wise to the fact that they were lying.
3. They got wise to the scam and avoided it.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Become aware," "Catch on," "Get informed."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become aware of or understand something, often something that was previously hidden or deceptive. The literal meaning of "getting wise" does not relate to this figurative meaning of realization or insight, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming very excited, angry, or agitated.

Meaning:
To become very excited, angry, or agitated.

Usage:

1. He got worked up over the misunderstanding.
2. She got worked up during the heated discussion.
3. They told him not to get worked up about the small things.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Become agitated," "Get excited," "Get angry."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become upset, excited, or agitated about something. The literal meaning of "getting worked up" does not explain this figurative sense of becoming emotionally charged, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and comes from the idea of preparing a performance, symbolizing organization and effectiveness.

Meaning:
To organize yourself or become more efficient.

Usage:

1. You need to get your act together if you want to finish the project on time.
2. She finally got her act together and started studying seriously.
3. The team must get their act together before the final presentation.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Pull it together", "Get organized", "Shape up"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means organizing oneself or improving performance. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal "act" or "togetherness," and its meaning cannot be deduced from the words literally.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of suffering unpleasant consequences as a result of one's actions.

Meaning:
To suffer unpleasant consequences as a result of one's actions.

Usage:

1. He got his fingers burnt by investing in a risky venture.
2. She got her fingers burnt when she trusted the wrong person.
3. They got their fingers burnt by not following the rules.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face consequences," "Suffer repercussions," "Experience regret."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to suffer the consequences of one's actions, especially when taking risks. The literal meaning of "getting your fingers burnt" (physical harm) does not convey the figurative meaning of suffering consequences, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, primarily used in British English, symbolizing the act of becoming upset or agitated over something trivial.

Meaning:
To become upset or agitated over something trivial.

Usage:

1. Don’t get your knickers in a twist over a minor issue.
2. She got her knickers in a twist when she couldn't find her keys.
3. They told him not to get his knickers in a twist about the delay.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Get worked up," "Overreact," "Fret."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become upset or agitated over something. The literal meaning of "getting your knickers in a twist" (a clothing item being twisted) does not connect to the figurative meaning of getting worked up emotionally, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of hurrying or starting to move quickly.

Meaning:
To hurry or start to move quickly.

Usage:

1. We need to get our skates on if we want to catch the train.
2. She told him to get his skates on and finish the task.
3. They decided to get their skates on to meet the deadline.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Hurry up," "Get moving," "Move quickly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to hurry or get moving. The literal meaning of "getting your skates on" (actually putting on skates) does not directly relate to the figurative sense of rushing or speeding up, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of pronouncing a difficult word or phrase.

Meaning:
To pronounce a difficult word or phrase.

Usage:

1. She found it hard to get her tongue around the foreign words.
2. He tried several times to get his tongue around the complex term.
3. They laughed as he struggled to get his tongue around the technical jargon.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Pronounce," "Articulate," "Enunciate."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to manage to pronounce or say something, especially if it is difficult. The literal meaning of "getting your tongue around something" (physically maneuvering the tongue) does not convey the figurative meaning of successfully pronouncing something, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being dismissed from a job.

Meaning:
To be dismissed from a job.

Usage:

1. He was sacked for misconduct.
2. She got the sack after the company restructured.
3. They feared being sacked due to budget cuts.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be fired," "Be dismissed," "Lose one's job."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be dismissed from a job. The literal meaning of "getting sacked" (receiving a physical sack) does not have any relation to the figurative meaning of being fired, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of damaging someone's reputation, making it difficult for them to succeed.

Meaning:
To damage someone's reputation, making it difficult for them to succeed.

Usage:

1. Once you give a dog a bad name, it’s hard to change perceptions.
2. She warned him that giving a dog a bad name could affect his career.
3. They gave the employee a bad name, which led to his dismissal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Tarnish reputation," "Label negatively," "Discredit."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to damage someone's reputation or to make them known for something negative. The literal meaning of "giving a dog a bad name" (naming an animal poorly) does not directly relate to the figurative meaning of tarnishing someone's reputation, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of spinning something to symbolize trying something new.

Meaning:
To try something for the first time.

Usage:

1. She decided to give yoga a whirl.
2. He gave cooking a whirl and enjoyed it.
3. They gave the new software a whirl.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Give it a try," "Attempt," "Experiment."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means trying something out or giving it a chance. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally spinning or "whirling" anything.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-19th century, symbolizing the act of escaping from someone who is following or watching.

Meaning:
To escape from someone who is following or watching.

Usage:

1. He gave the police the slip and disappeared into the crowd.
2. She managed to give her pursuers the slip.
3. They gave their parents the slip and went to the party.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Evade," "Escape," "Dodge."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to escape or evade someone, typically without being noticed. The literal meaning of "giving somebody the slip" (physically handing something to someone) does not align with the figurative sense of evading or slipping away, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and emphasizes the act of delivering a stern lecture, symbolizing reprimand.

Meaning:
To reprimand or scold someone.

Usage:

1. She gave him a good talking-to for his behavior.
2. He got a good talking-to from his parents.
3. They gave the employee a good talking-to.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Reprimand," "Scold," "Lecture."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means scolding or reprimanding someone. The meaning is non-literal, as it does not involve a casual conversation, and its figurative usage conveys a corrective action rather than the act of "talking."

Origin:
This idiom dates back to when people would physically lend a hand to assist others in tasks.

Meaning:
To help someone.

Usage:

1. Can you give me a hand with moving this table?
2. I’ll give you a hand with your homework.
3. He gave her a hand with the presentation preparation.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Lend a hand", "Help out", "Pitch in"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means offering help or assistance. The idiom is non-literal, as it does not involve physically giving a hand, but rather providing aid in a situation.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and emphasizes causing difficulty or discomfort for someone, symbolizing criticism.

Meaning:
To criticize, hassle, or make things difficult for someone.

Usage:

1. The boss gave him a hard time about the missed deadline.
2. She gives her brother a hard time about his habits.
3. They gave the new employee a hard time.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Criticize," "Hassle," "Bother."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means teasing, bothering, or making things difficult for someone. The meaning is figurative, as it does not involve literally providing a "hard time" as a tangible object or experience.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century and comes from the act of helping someone mount a horse, symbolizing assistance.

Meaning:
To help someone improve their situation or achieve something.

Usage:

1. She gave him a leg up in his career by recommending him.
2. He gave the new team member a leg up with extra training.
3. They gave her a leg up by providing financial support.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Help," "Assist," "Support."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means giving someone an advantage or a boost. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve physically helping someone climb or stand with a leg.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and emphasizes the act of sharing one's thoughts frankly and critically, symbolizing anger.

Meaning:
To speak to someone angrily and criticize them.

Usage:

1. She gave him a piece of her mind for being late.
2. He gave the rude customer a piece of his mind.
3. They gave the manager a piece of their mind over the decision.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Criticize," "Scold," "Rebuke."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means expressing anger or frustration to someone. The idiom is non-literal, as it does not involve literally giving a piece of one's mind.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to horse racing in the 19th century, where giving someone a run for their money means providing strong competition.

Meaning:
To compete with someone in a way that challenges them.

Usage:

1. The new team gave the champions a run for their money in the finals.
2. She gave him a run for his money in the debate, making strong points.
3. The newcomer gave the seasoned professional a run for their money.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Challenge someone", "Put up a fight", "Give someone a tough time"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means challenging someone competitively. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal running or giving money but conveys a sense of offering a tough competition.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of scolding or reprimanding someone.

Meaning:
To scold or reprimand someone.

Usage:

1. The teacher gave him an earful for being late.
2. She got an earful from her boss after the mistake.
3. They gave the kids an earful for breaking the window.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Scold," "Reprimand," "Tell off."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to reprimand or scold someone, often loudly or at length. The literal meaning of "giving someone an earful" (actually filling someone's ear with something) doesn't connect to the figurative meaning of giving someone a lecture or telling them off, making it an idiom.

Origin:
The idiom comes from the legal context, where a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty.

Meaning:
To believe someone’s statement or actions without having full proof or evidence, assuming they are innocent or correct.

Usage:

1. He didn’t have any evidence, but he gave her the benefit of the doubt.
2. I’ll give you the benefit of the doubt and assume it was a mistake.
3. Even though I’m not sure, I’ll give him the benefit of the doubt.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Give someone a chance", "Trust someone", "Assume good intentions"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means trusting someone or assuming the best about them despite uncertainty. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally granting a tangible benefit or doubt.

Origin:
This idiom likely comes from the idea of kicking someone out, as if forcing them out of a situation, with "boot" symbolizing force or dismissal.

Meaning:
To dismiss or fire someone from their job or position.

Usage:

1. They gave him the boot after his performance didn’t improve.
2. She was given the boot from the company after the scandal broke.
3. He got the boot when the manager found out about his unprofessional behavior.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Give someone the axe", "Fire someone", "Show someone the door"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to force someone to leave or to dismiss them. The "boot" here is not a literal object, but symbolizes the act of sending someone away, particularly in an abrupt or forceful manner.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of brushing something away to symbolize dismissing or ignoring someone.

Meaning:
To dismiss or ignore someone in a rude or abrupt manner.

Usage:

1. She gave him the brush-off when he tried to apologize.
2. He felt hurt after she gave him the brush-off.
3. They gave the sales representative the brush-off.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Ignore," "Snub," "Dismiss."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to reject or dismiss someone in a dismissive manner. The idiom does not refer to a literal brushing-off action but instead uses "brush-off" metaphorically to represent an act of ignoring or rebuffing someone.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and is thought to refer to offering a cold, unappetizing piece of shoulder meat to someone, a subtle form of rejection.

Meaning:
To deliberately ignore or show a lack of interest in someone.

Usage:

1. After their argument, she gave him the cold shoulder for days.
2. He felt awkward when his friends gave him the cold shoulder at the party.
3. I don't know why she gave me the cold shoulder; I thought we were friends.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Snub", "Turn a blind eye", "Give someone the brush-off"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means ignoring or treating someone with deliberate indifference. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally presenting a cold shoulder to someone.

Origin:
This idiom comes from the traffic light system, where a green light signals that it is safe to proceed.

Meaning:
To give approval or permission to proceed with something.

Usage:

1. The manager gave the team the green light to start the project.
2. They were waiting for the green light from the board before launching the product.
3. She received the green light from her parents to go on the trip.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Approve," "Authorize," "Give the go-ahead."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means granting permission to proceed. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal green light but symbolizes approval.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of dismissing or ejecting someone.

Meaning:
To dismiss or eject someone.

Usage:

1. The manager gave him the old heave-ho after the argument.
2. She gave her boyfriend the old heave-ho when she found out he lied.
3. They decided to give the noisy neighbor the old heave-ho.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Dismiss," "Eject," "Kick out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to dismiss or eject someone, usually abruptly. The literal interpretation of "heave-ho" (an exclamation used when lifting something) does not explain the figurative sense of throwing someone out or giving them the boot, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and emphasizes a quick inspection or assessment, symbolizing a brief examination.

Meaning:
To look at someone or something quickly to assess their appearance or condition.

Usage:

1. The doctor gave him the once-over during the checkup.
2. She gave the room the once-over before the guests arrived.
3. They gave the car the once-over before buying it.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Quick look," "Brief inspection," "Cursory glance."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means briefly inspecting or examining someone or something. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a specific "once-over" action tied to its literal interpretation.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of being evasive or misleading.

Meaning:
To be evasive or misleading.

Usage:

1. He felt the customer service was giving him the run-around.
2. She got the run-around from the receptionist.
3. They accused the company of giving them the run-around.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Mislead," "Evade," "Dodge."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to deceive or evade someone by providing vague or misleading answers. The literal meaning of "giving someone the run-around" (making them run in a circle) does not directly explain the figurative sense of misleading or confusing someone, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom originates from the concept of slipping away unnoticed, referring to a quick and secretive escape.

Meaning:
To escape or avoid someone, often in a sneaky or clever way.

Usage:

1. He tried to catch her, but she gave him the slip and ran out of the room.
2. They gave the security guard the slip by sneaking out the back door.
3. She managed to give the police the slip and disappear into the crowd.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Slip away", "Make a clean getaway", "Escape undetected"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means escaping or evading someone. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve giving a literal "slip" but implies getting away from pursuit.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from the third degree of Freemasonry, which involves intense questioning, symbolizing thorough interrogation.

Meaning:
To question someone thoroughly and relentlessly.

Usage:

1. The police gave him the third degree about his alibi.
2. She gave her son the third degree about his whereabouts.
3. They gave the suspect the third degree during the interrogation.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Interrogate," "Grill," "Question intensely."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to intense questioning or interrogation, usually by authority figures. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally giving someone a specific degree or formal certification.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of revealing a secret or plan.

Meaning:
To reveal a secret or plan.

Usage:

1. He gave the game away by mentioning the surprise party.
2. She accidentally gave the game away with her slip of the tongue.
3. They tried not to give the game away before the announcement.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Reveal," "Disclose," "Let the cat out of the bag."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to reveal a secret or spoil a plan. The literal meaning of "giving the game away" (handing over the game itself) does not explain the figurative meaning of disclosing something important or ruining a secret, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing extreme generosity or willingness to help others.

Meaning:
Extreme generosity or willingness to help others.

Usage:

1. He would give the shirt off his back to help a friend.
2. She gave the shirt off her back to those in need.
3. They praised him for being the type to give the shirt off his back.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Selfless," "Generous," "Altruistic."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be extremely generous, to the point of sacrificing one's own possessions or comfort. The literal meaning of "giving the shirt off someone's back" (actually handing over a piece of clothing) does not match the figurative sense of offering great generosity, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and uses the imagery of a ghost leaving the body, symbolizing cessation or death.

Meaning:
To stop working or to die.

Usage:

1. The old car finally gave up the ghost.
2. He worked hard until his body gave up the ghost.
3. The project gave up the ghost after losing funding.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Stop functioning," "Die," "Cease."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to stop trying, fail completely, or die. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal "ghost" departing.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the late 20th century, symbolizing an invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from advancing in their careers.

Meaning:
An invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from advancing in their careers.

Usage:

1. She felt she had hit the glass ceiling in her company.
2. The organization is working to shatter the glass ceiling for women.
3. He experienced the glass ceiling despite his qualifications.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Invisible barrier," "Career ceiling," "Unseen obstacle."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to an invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals (often women or minorities) from advancing in their careers or achieving success, despite their qualifications. The literal meaning of "glass ceiling" (a transparent barrier) does not capture the figurative sense of an imposed limit on opportunity, making it non-literal and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing Swiss bankers who are perceived as secretive and influential.

Meaning:
Swiss bankers who are perceived as secretive and influential.

Usage:

1. The gnomes of Zurich were blamed for the financial crisis.
2. He joked about the power of the gnomes of Zurich.
3. They discussed the influence of the gnomes of Zurich in global finance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Secretive bankers," "Financial manipulators," "Powerful financiers."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to secretive or underhanded financial practices, often linked to Swiss bankers and their reputation for privacy. The idiom does not literally refer to small mythical creatures but figuratively alludes to the shadowy operations of finance, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 17th century and comes from the imagery of cutting wood against its natural grain, symbolizing resistance.

Meaning:
To do something that is unusual or not conforming to the norm.

Usage:

1. His decision to quit his job went against the grain.
2. She often goes against the grain with her unconventional ideas.
3. Their approach goes against the grain of traditional methods.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Break the mold," "Defy conventions," "Go against the flow."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to acting or thinking in a way that is contrary to expectations or norms. The meaning is figurative, as it does not involve physically working against wood grain, from which the expression originates.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of putting maximum effort into something.

Meaning:
To put maximum effort into something.

Usage:

1. She went all out for her birthday party.
2. They decided to go all out for the project presentation.
3. He went all out to win the competition.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Give 100%," "Do one's best," "Make a full effort."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to put in maximum effort or to give something everything you've got. The literal meaning of "going all out" (possibly referring to a sporting or competitive context) doesn’t directly convey the figurative sense of going beyond ordinary effort, making it non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming very excited or angry.

Meaning:
To become very excited or angry.

Usage:

1. He went ape when he saw the surprise party.
2. She went ape over the latest news.
3. They went ape during the thrilling game.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go wild," "Get excited," "Lose control."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become extremely excited or enraged. The literal meaning of "going ape" (referring to a primate's behavior) does not directly explain the figurative sense of acting in a wild or uncontrolled way, making it non-literal and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom likely comes from the practice of engineers and architects who would begin their designs on a drawing board, indicating a complete redesign or reevaluation.

Meaning:
To start over and rethink a plan after a failure.

Usage:

1. The project didn’t go as planned, so we’ll have to go back to the drawing board.
2. After the proposal was rejected, they had to go back to the drawing board and redesign it.
3. The first draft of the report was unsuccessful, so it's back to the drawing board.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Start from scratch", "Reassess the situation", "Back to square one"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means starting over or rethinking a plan after failure. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally returning to a drawing board unless referring to specific creative professions.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming extremely angry or agitated.

Meaning:
To become extremely angry or agitated.

Usage:

1. He went ballistic when he found out about the mistake.
2. She went ballistic over the unfair treatment.
3. They went ballistic during the heated argument.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Explode with anger," "Get furious," "Blow a fuse."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become very angry or upset, often in an exaggerated manner. The literal meaning of "going ballistic" (referring to the launch of a missile or explosive device) does not align with the figurative sense of losing one's temper, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century and uses the imagery of monkeys' behavior when eating bananas to symbolize extreme excitement or anger.

Meaning:
To become very excited or angry.

Usage:

1. The crowd went bananas when the band came on stage.
2. He went bananas over the surprise.
3. She went bananas when she found out the truth.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go crazy," "Get excited," "Lose control."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become extremely excited or crazy. The idiom is figurative, as it has no literal connection to bananas or their qualities.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of failing or going bankrupt.

Meaning:
To fail or go bankrupt.

Usage:

1. The company went belly up after the financial crisis.
2. He feared his business would go belly up.
3. They discussed how the project went belly up.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Fail," "Go bankrupt," "Collapse."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to fail or go out of business. The literal meaning of "going belly up" (a reference to a dead fish or animal with its belly facing upward) does not directly convey the figurative meaning of failure, making it non-literal and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming extremely angry or violent.

Meaning:
To become extremely angry or violent.

Usage:

1. He went berserk when he saw the damage to his car.
2. She went berserk over the unfair decision.
3. They went berserk during the heated argument.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go wild," "Lose control," "Go crazy."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to lose control, act frantically, or become extremely agitated, usually in anger or excitement. The literal meaning of "go berserk" (a reference to berserk Norse warriors who went into a wild battle frenzy) does not directly convey the figurative sense of acting in an extreme or uncontrollable way. Therefore, it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming crazy or extremely enthusiastic.

Meaning:
To become crazy or extremely enthusiastic.

Usage:

1. The fans went bonkers when their team won.
2. She went bonkers over the surprise gift.
3. He went bonkers trying to solve the puzzle.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go crazy," "Lose one's mind," "Go nuts."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become crazy, insane, or lose one's temper. The literal meaning of "bonkers" (referring to a playful or silly behavior) doesn't explain the figurative sense of losing one's mind or composure. Thus, it is non-literal and classified as an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of suddenly stopping a habit or addiction.

Meaning:
To suddenly stop a habit or addiction.

Usage:

1. He decided to go cold turkey and quit smoking.
2. She went cold turkey on caffeine.
3. They went cold turkey to break their bad habits.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Quit abruptly," "Stop suddenly," "Give up entirely."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to suddenly stop or quit something, especially a habit like smoking or drinking, without gradual reduction. The literal meaning of "cold turkey" (referring to a physical state) doesn't align with the figurative meaning of abruptly quitting something, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of a storm's impact to symbolize success.

Meaning:
To be very successful or well-received.

Usage:

1. The new product went down a storm with customers.
2. Her presentation went down a storm at the conference.
3. The band's performance went down a storm.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be a hit," "Succeed," "Be well-received."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be extremely well received or successful. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve physically going down in a storm but conveys overwhelming positivity.

Origin:
This idiom comes from the idea of a plane crashing in a fiery explosion, symbolizing a dramatic and complete failure.

Meaning:
To fail spectacularly or disastrously.

Usage:

1. The project went down in flames after the budget was cut.
2. His career went down in flames when the company collapsed.
3. Their attempt to launch the product went down in flames.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go up in smoke", "Crash and burn", "Fail miserably"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to fail spectacularly. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal flames but uses vivid imagery to emphasize dramatic failure.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of being remembered or recorded for a significant event.

Meaning:
To be remembered or recorded for a significant event.

Usage:

1. Her achievements will go down in history.
2. The event went down in history as a turning point.
3. He hoped his invention would go down in history.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be remembered," "Be recorded," "Make history."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be remembered for a significant event or achievement. The literal meaning of "go down in history" does not describe the actual process of entering into history books, but rather figuratively refers to being remembered or recorded, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of continuing to fight or try despite the likelihood of failure.

Meaning:
To continue fighting or trying until the very end, even in the face of defeat.

Usage:

1. He went down swinging in the final match.
2. She refused to give up and went down swinging.
3. They went down swinging, fighting to the last moment.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Fight to the end," "Keep trying," "Not give up."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to fight until the very end, even in the face of inevitable defeat. The idiom is figurative, borrowing imagery from boxing, but it applies broadly to persistence in challenges.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and refers to water or waste going down a drain, symbolizing loss.

Meaning:
To be wasted or lost.

Usage:

1. All their hard work went down the drain when the project was canceled.
2. His savings went down the drain after the failed investment.
3. Their plans went down the drain due to bad weather.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be wasted," "Come to nothing," "Be lost."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be wasted or lost. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal drain but uses it as a metaphor for irretrievable loss.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of deteriorating or declining.

Meaning:
To deteriorate or decline.

Usage:

1. His health started to go downhill after the accident.
2. The business went downhill after the economic crisis.
3. The situation quickly went downhill from there.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Decline," "Deteriorate," "Worsen."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to deteriorate or worsen, often in terms of health, performance, or a situation. The literal meaning of "going downhill" (referring to a physical decline) doesn’t fully capture the figurative sense of something worsening or declining over time, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of being sold at a very low price.

Meaning:
To be sold at a very low price.

Usage:

1. The house went for a song at the auction.
2. She bought the vintage dress for a song.
3. They got the car for a song during the sale.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be sold cheaply," "Be a bargain," "Go for next to nothing."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be sold for a very low price. The literal meaning of "go for a song" (suggesting that a song is associated with something cheap or easily obtained) does not explain the figurative meaning of something being sold at a bargain price, thus it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom originates from gambling, where "broke" refers to betting all of one's chips or resources in a game, with the possibility of either winning everything or losing it all.

Meaning:
To risk everything for the chance of success.

Usage:

1. He decided to go for broke and invested all his savings into the startup.
2. She went for broke in the final round of the game and won big.
3. They went for broke with the marketing campaign, hoping it would pay off.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Take a gamble", "Risk it all", "Throw caution to the wind"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to risk everything for a significant reward. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal financial bankruptcy but expresses complete commitment to an endeavor.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and refers to the jugular vein, where an attack would be fatal, symbolizing a ruthless approach.

Meaning:
To attack or criticize someone in a very aggressive or ruthless way.

Usage:

1. During the debate, he went for the jugular.
2. She went for the jugular in her critique.
3. They went for the jugular in the negotiations.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Attack aggressively," "Be ruthless," "Go all out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to attack at the most critical or vulnerable point. The idiom is figurative, drawing on imagery of physical aggression, but it is used metaphorically in both literal and competitive contexts.

Origin:
This idiom originally came from the idea of an army growing stronger with each victory or advancement.

Meaning:
To continue to improve or grow stronger.

Usage:

1. The company has gone from strength to strength since its rebranding.
2. He went from strength to strength in his career after the promotion.
3. The athlete has gone from strength to strength with every match.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Grow stronger", "Continue to thrive", "Climb the ladder"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to consistently improving or succeeding. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal strength but conveys growth or progress.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of performing exceptionally well or progressing rapidly.

Meaning:
To perform exceptionally well or progress rapidly.

Usage:

1. The team went great guns in the tournament.
2. She went great guns in her new job.
3. The project is going great guns so far.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Do exceptionally well," "Succeed rapidly," "Progress swiftly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to proceed at a fast pace or with great success. The literal meaning of "go great guns" (historically referring to the firing of powerful artillery) doesn’t directly convey the figurative sense of achieving success rapidly, making it non-literal and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from the use of haywire, which was often tangled and chaotic, symbolizing disorder.

Meaning:
To become out of control or chaotic.

Usage:

1. The machine went haywire and stopped working.
2. Their plans went haywire due to unexpected events.
3. The situation went haywire after the announcement.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go out of control," "Go crazy," "Become chaotic."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to malfunction or become uncontrollable. The idiom is figurative, as it does not literally refer to haywire but uses the term to describe chaos or disorder.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 19th century, symbolizing the act of moving very fast or with great determination.

Meaning:
To move very fast or with great determination.

Usage:

1. They went hell for leather to finish the project on time.
2. He went hell for leather to catch the last train.
3. She drove hell for leather to get to the meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go full speed," "Rush," "Hurry."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to go at something with maximum speed or effort. The literal meaning of "hell for leather" (referring to the reckless speed of a horse) does not explain the figurative meaning of making an all-out, intense effort, thus it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of working or functioning at an intense level.

Meaning:
To work or function at an intense level.

Usage:

1. The team went into overdrive to meet the deadline.
2. She went into overdrive preparing for the big presentation.
3. They went into overdrive during the busy holiday season.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Work intensely," "Increase effort," "Step up the pace."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to increase effort, speed, or intensity, usually in response to a demand. The literal meaning of "going into overdrive" (a mechanical function of a car) doesn't fully capture the figurative sense of working harder or performing at a heightened level, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming very angry or excited.

Meaning:
To become very angry or excited.

Usage:

1. He went mental when he saw the damage to his car.
2. She went mental over the surprise party.
3. They went mental during the concert.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go crazy," "Lose it," "Flip out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to lose control of one's emotions or act irrationally, often out of anger or excitement. The idiom does not literally refer to a mental condition but uses "mental" as a metaphorical expression for extreme emotional reaction, making it non-literal and figurative.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of reacting with extreme anger or drastic measures.

Meaning:
To react with extreme anger or drastic measures

Usage:

1. He went nuclear when he found out about the betrayal.
2. She went nuclear over the new policy changes.
3. They went nuclear during the board meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Explode with anger," "Go ballistic," "Blow up."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to reacting in an extreme, drastic, or disproportionate manner, much like the catastrophic impact of a nuclear explosion. The connection to literal nuclear activity is entirely metaphorical, emphasizing the figurative nature of the phrase.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of becoming very excited or crazy.

Meaning:
To become very excited or crazy.

Usage:

1. The crowd went nuts when the band started playing.
2. He went nuts over the good news.
3. They went nuts during the big sale.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go crazy," "Go bonkers," "Flip out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to act crazy, excited, or irrational, typically out of extreme joy, frustration, or anger. The use of "nuts" as a synonym for irrational behavior is not literal but a cultural metaphor.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of acting prematurely or without proper preparation.

Meaning:
To act prematurely or without proper preparation.

Usage:

1. He went off half-cocked and made a decision without all the facts.
2. She went off half-cocked during the meeting, not knowing the full details.
3. They often go off half-cocked, which leads to mistakes.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Act impulsively," "Speak prematurely," "Jump the gun."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to act or speak without adequate preparation or thought, similar to a firearm firing prematurely. The idiom uses "half-cocked" metaphorically to describe unpreparedness, and its meaning is not deducible from the literal words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from geometry, where a tangent is a line that touches a curve at one point and then diverges, symbolizing deviation.

Meaning:
To start talking about a different topic or to move away from the main subject.

Usage:

1. He went off on a tangent during the meeting.
2. She tends to go off on tangents when explaining things.
3. The conversation went off on a tangent and never got back on track.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Deviate from the topic," "Change the subject," "Digress."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to diverge from the main topic in conversation. The idiom is figurative, as it borrows mathematical imagery but is used metaphorically to describe digressions.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of leaving a well-trodden path to symbolize exploring unconventional routes.

Meaning:
To explore or pursue something that is not commonly known or done.

Usage:

1. They went off the beaten path to find hidden treasures.
2. She likes to go off the beaten path when traveling.
3. He decided to go off the beaten path in his career.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Take the road less traveled," "Explore unconventional routes," "Choose a unique path."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to choose an unconventional or less popular course. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve a literal beaten path but conveys the idea of exploring unique or nontraditional options.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from the imagery of jumping into the deep end of a pool, symbolizing intense and uncontrolled emotions.

Meaning:
To become very angry, excited, or emotional about something.

Usage:

1. He went off the deep end when he heard the news.
2. She went off the deep end over the minor issue.
3. They feared he would go off the deep end again.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
Lose it," "Go crazy," "Flip out."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to lose control of one's emotions or behave irrationally. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literally jumping into a deep pool or body of water but suggests an extreme emotional reaction.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of a train derailing to symbolize loss of control or unacceptable behavior.

Meaning:
To behave in a way that is uncontrolled or unacceptable.

Usage:

1. He went off the rails after losing his job.
2. She worried that her son might go off the rails.
3. The project went off the rails due to poor management.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go haywire," "Lose control," "Go wild."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to act in an erratic or disruptive way, or to deviate from expected behavior. The idiom is figurative, borrowing imagery from a derailed train but not tied to literal rails.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 17th century, symbolizing a futile or hopeless pursuit.

Meaning:
A futile or hopeless pursuit.

Usage:

1. They went on a wild goose chase looking for the missing document.
2. He sent them on a wild goose chase to find a non-existent item.
3. She realized it was a wild goose chase after hours of searching.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Chase a phantom," "Pursue in vain," "Search futilely."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to engage in a futile or hopeless pursuit, often of something unattainable or non-existent. The connection to a literal "chase" of a wild goose is purely metaphorical and not meant to be taken literally, making its meaning entirely figurative.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of a dramatic and spectacular blaze to symbolize a memorable ending.

Meaning:
To end something spectacularly or with great success.

Usage:

1. The band decided to go out in a blaze of glory with their final concert.
2. She went out in a blaze of glory on her last day at work.
3. They wanted to go out in a blaze of glory with their final performance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"End spectacularly," "Finish with a bang," "Conclude gloriously."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to ending something in a dramatic and impressive way. The idiom is figurative, as it uses vivid imagery of fire and glory to describe a memorable conclusion.

Origin:
This idiom comes from musical terminology, where ending on a high note signifies a positive conclusion, dating back to the 20th century.

Meaning:
To end something positively or successfully.

Usage:

1. The athlete decided to retire and go out on a high note.
2. She finished her speech on a high note.
3. They wanted to go out on a high note with their final performance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Finish positively," "End successfully," "Conclude well."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to end something at a peak moment of success or positivity. The idiom is figurative, as it borrows imagery from music but applies broadly to life situations.

Origin:
This idiom comes from the act of climbing out on a tree limb, which is risky and unstable, dating back to the 19th century.

Meaning:
To take a risk or venture into uncertain territory.

Usage:

1. I’m going out on a limb by investing in this startup, but I believe in it.
2. She went out on a limb with her bold opinion, even though others disagreed.
3. He went out on a limb to stand up for his colleague.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Take a chance", "Stick your neck out", "Take a gamble"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to take a risk or expose oneself to criticism. The idiom is figurative, as it evokes the precarious position of being on a tree limb but is not meant literally.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of disappearing or being abandoned.

Meaning:
To disappear or be abandoned.

Usage:

1. His diet went out the window during the holidays.
2. She felt her plans went out the window after the changes.
3. Their careful strategy went out the window in the face of new challenges.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Be discarded," "Be abandoned," "Go away."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that something (e.g., a plan, rule, or expectation) is no longer valid or relevant. The imagery of something "going out the window" conveys a non-literal sense of abandonment or loss, making it figurative rather than literal.

Origin:
This idiom is often used in reference to fireworks or explosions that make a dramatic and powerful end, symbolizing an impactful conclusion.

Meaning:
To end something in a very successful, exciting, or impressive manner.

Usage:

1. The concert went out with a bang, ending with an explosive finale.
2. She decided to go out with a bang and gave a memorable speech at her retirement party.
3. The movie ended with a bang, leaving the audience in awe.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"End on a high note", "Go out in style", "Finish with a flourish"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to end something in a dramatic or exciting way. The idiom is figurative, as it does not relate to literal explosions but conveys the idea of leaving a strong impression.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and comes from nautical terminology, where going overboard means falling off the ship, symbolizing excessiveness.

Meaning:
To do something to an extreme degree; to overdo it.

Usage:

1. He really went overboard with the decorations for the party.
2. She went overboard with the shopping, spending way too much.
3. They went overboard in celebrating their team's victory, with fireworks and a parade.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Exaggerate," "Go too far," "Overdo."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to act excessively or go to extremes. While originating from nautical language, the phrase is figurative and applies broadly to behavior.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing the act of going wrong or failing.

Meaning:
To go wrong or fail.

Usage:

1. Their plans went pear-shaped after the unexpected news.
2. He realized things were going pear-shaped during the meeting.
3. They were prepared in case the project went pear-shaped.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go wrong," "Fail," "Go awry."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that something has gone wrong or failed, often in an unexpected or chaotic way. The idiom does not relate to literal pears or shapes but uses "pear-shaped" metaphorically to describe a situation turning problematic or unsuccessful.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-19th century, symbolizing the act of leaving without giving a specific reason.

Meaning:
To leave without giving a specific reason.

Usage:

1. He said he had to go see a man about a dog and left the room.
2. She used the phrase go see a man about a dog as an excuse to leave.
3. They joked about going to see a man about a dog before heading out.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Make an excuse," "Step out briefly," "Leave without explanation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to excuse oneself, often to attend to a private or undisclosed matter (such as leaving to use the restroom). The idiom is not about literally seeing a man or a dog but instead functions as a culturally understood euphemism, making it non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, primarily in British English, symbolizing the act of becoming very angry or upset.

Meaning:
To become very angry or upset.

Usage:

1. He went spare when he found out about the broken vase.
2. She went spare over the missed deadline.
3. They went spare during the heated argument.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go mad," "Lose it," "Go crazy."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to become extremely angry, upset, or agitated. The word "spare" in this context does not retain its literal meaning but is used metaphorically to express heightened emotional frustration.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of completing a race, symbolizing perseverance and endurance.

Meaning:
To continue until something is finished or achieved; to persevere

Usage:

1. He went the distance and completed the marathon.
2. She is determined to go the distance with her studies.
3. They went the distance to ensure success.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Persevere," "See it through," "Finish."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to completing something or persevering to the end. The idiom is figurative, as it does not require literal travel but emphasizes determination and endurance.

Origin:
The idiom originates from the Bible, where in the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus encourages going beyond what is expected by offering to carry a Roman soldier's pack for an extra mile.

Meaning:
To make an extra effort to achieve something or help someone.

Usage:

1. She always goes the extra mile to ensure customer satisfaction.
2. He went the extra mile to finish the project ahead of schedule.
3. The teacher goes the extra mile to help her students succeed.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go above and beyond", "Do more than expected", "Give 110%"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to make a greater effort than expected. The idiom is figurative, borrowing imagery of travel but applying broadly to effort and commitment.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of doing something completely or thoroughly.

Meaning:
To do something completely or thoroughly.

Usage:

1. They decided to go the whole hog with the renovation.
2. She went the whole hog and bought the complete set.
3. He went the whole hog preparing for the event.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go all out," "Go full throttle," "Leave no stone unturned."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to do something completely or without restraint. The origin of the idiom may relate to historical contexts, but its modern usage is entirely figurative and not tied to literal "hogs" or animals.

Origin:
The idiom’s origin is debated, but one theory links it to the length of a full ammunition belt in World War II or the length of a football field.

Meaning:
To do something to its fullest extent.

Usage:

1. She went the whole nine yards to make the wedding perfect.
2. He didn’t just do the job; he went the whole nine yards.
3. We went the whole nine yards and invested in the best equipment for the project.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Go all the way", "Do something thoroughly", "Do everything possible"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to do something fully or thoroughly. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve actual measurement but conveys a sense of completeness.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of enduring a difficult or unpleasant experience.

Meaning:
To endure a difficult or unpleasant experience.

Usage:

1. She really went through the mill during the divorce.
2. He has been through the mill with all those health issues.
3. They went through the mill trying to save their business.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face hardship," "Endure trials," "Experience difficulties."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to undergo a difficult or challenging experience, often one that is repetitive or exhausting. The literal meaning of "go through the mill" (referring to passing through a mill or processing plant) doesn’t capture the figurative meaning of enduring hardship or difficulty, making it an idiom.

Origin:
The idiom likely comes from performing an action mechanically, as if going through a set of motions without any emotional involvement.

Meaning:
To do something without enthusiasm or effort, just to fulfill an obligation.

Usage:

1. He was just going through the motions at work after his promotion.
   1. She wasn’t really interested in the meeting and just went through the motions.
2. I felt like I was going through the motions of the task without any excitement.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Act mechanically," "Do something half-heartedly," "Perform perfunctorily."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to perform actions without enthusiasm or genuine engagement. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal "motions" but suggests superficial behavior.

Origin:
This idiom comes from the idea of something reaching such a height that it passes through the roof, symbolizing an extreme increase or outburst.

Meaning:
To rise suddenly or increase dramatically, especially in terms of prices or emotions.

Usage:

1. The company's profits went through the roof after launching their new product.
2. Her anger went through the roof when she heard the news.
3. The demand for the concert tickets went through the roof after they were announced.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Skyrocket", "Shoot up", "Hit the ceiling"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to an extreme reaction, such as anger or excitement, or a rapid increase in something (e.g., prices). The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve an actual roof.

Origin:
This idiom originates from baseball, where a player "bats" to defend the team’s interest by attempting to hit the ball.

Meaning:
To support or defend someone in a difficult situation.

Usage:

1. He went to bat for his friend, even though it was a tough decision.
2. She always goes to bat for her colleagues, even when they’re not around.
3. He went to bat for his teammate during the heated argument with the coach.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Stand up for someone", "Defend", "Have someone’s back"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to defend or support someone. Borrowing imagery from baseball, the idiom is figurative and not tied to literal actions involving a bat.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of doing something to an excessive or intense degree.

Meaning:
To do something to an excessive or intense degree.

Usage:

1. He tends to go to extremes with his fitness routine.
2. She went to extremes to ensure her party was perfect.
3. They often go to extremes when it comes to safety measures.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Overdo it," "Exaggerate," "Go overboard."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to do something to the greatest degree, often beyond reason. The literal meaning of "go to extremes" doesn't explain the figurative sense of exceeding normal or reasonable bounds, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of losing emotional control and becoming very upset.

Meaning:
To lose emotional control and become very upset.

Usage:

1. She went to pieces when she heard the bad news.
2. He went to pieces after his team lost the game.
3. They went to pieces during the stressful meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Break down," "Fall apart," "Become very upset."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to break down emotionally, to lose composure, or to be overwhelmed. The literal meaning of "go to pieces" (which could refer to something physically breaking apart) doesn't explain the emotional or figurative breakdown implied here, thus it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of falling into a state of neglect or disrepair.

Meaning:
To fall into a state of neglect or disrepair.

Usage:

1. The old house went to rack and ruin after years of neglect.
2. His health went to rack and ruin due to poor habits.
3. They let their business go to rack and ruin during the crisis.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Deteriorate," "Fall apart," "Decline."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to deteriorate or fall into complete disrepair, whether in terms of property, organization, or a situation. The literal meaning of "go to rack and ruin" (which refers to something falling into a state of complete disorder or collapse) is used figuratively to describe a process of destruction or decline, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom likely comes from the idea of dogs being associated with low status or being discarded, implying something has fallen into disrepair.

Meaning:
To decline or deteriorate in quality, condition, or value.

Usage:

1. The company has really gone to the dogs since the new management took over.
2. After the scandal, his reputation went to the dogs.
3. The neighborhood has gone to the dogs since they started building apartments everywhere.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Deteriorate," "Decline," "Fall apart."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to decline or deteriorate significantly. The idiom is figurative, as it does not involve literal dogs but suggests a state of ruin or failure.

Origin:
This idiom originated from the 1972 movie "The Godfather," symbolizing the act of preparing for a prolonged conflict or struggle.

Meaning:
To prepare for a prolonged conflict or struggle.

Usage:

1. They decided to go to the mattresses over the contract dispute.
2. He warned them to go to the mattresses if negotiations failed.
3. She prepared to go to the mattresses against the unfair policy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Prepare for battle," "Gear up for a fight," "Get ready for conflict."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to engage in a prolonged or intense effort, often in a confrontational or defensive manner. The idiom originates from organized crime and refers to hiding with mattresses for protection during a conflict. The figurative meaning of preparing for battle or defense cannot be deduced from the literal words, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of a surgeon's scalpel to symbolize undergoing surgery.

Meaning:
To undergo surgery.

Usage:

1. He's going under the knife for a knee operation.
2. She went under the knife to correct the issue.
3. They decided he needed to go under the knife.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Have surgery," "Undergo an operation," "Get operated on."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to undergoing surgery, which is a figurative expression. The idiom does not literally involve a knife cutting someone but instead refers to the process of being operated on.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of smoke dispersing to symbolize the failure or disappearance of plans or efforts.

Meaning:
To come to nothing; to fail completely.

Usage:

1. Their plans went up in smoke due to the weather.
2. The project went up in smoke after the budget cut.
3. His dreams went up in smoke after the accident.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Come to nothing," "Fail completely," "Disintegrate."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something has been destroyed or failed completely, often in a way that is irreversible. The idiom uses the imagery of something literally burning away, but it doesn't refer to the physical act of burning; it's figurative.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 21st century, symbolizing the act of rapidly gaining popularity, especially on the internet.

Meaning:
To rapidly gain popularity, especially on the internet.

Usage:

1. Her video went viral overnight.
2. They hoped their marketing campaign would go viral.
3. He was surprised when his tweet went viral.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Become popular," "Spread quickly," "Gain widespread attention."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to become extremely popular or widely spread, especially in the context of internet content. The literal meaning of "go viral" (referring to the spread of a virus) doesn't explain the figurative sense of rapid popularity, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing a large payment given to an employee upon leaving a company.

Meaning:
A large payment given to an employee upon leaving a company.

Usage:

1. He received a golden handshake upon his retirement.
2. They offered him a golden handshake to leave the company.
3. She accepted the golden handshake and left her position.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Severance pay," "Retirement bonus," "Exit package."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a large financial sum or package given to an employee upon retirement or departure from a company. The literal words "golden" and "handshake" don't convey the figurative sense of financial compensation or severance, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the late 20th century, symbolizing a large financial compensation for executives if they lose their job.

Meaning:
Large financial compensation for executives if they lose their job.

Usage:

1. The CEO's contract included a golden parachute.
2. He received a golden parachute after the company was acquired.
3. They criticized the executive's golden parachute during layoffs.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Exit bonus," "Severance package," "Executive compensation."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a large financial arrangement or severance package given to executives upon leaving their positions, often after a company sale or merger. The literal meaning of "golden parachute" doesn't convey the figurative idea of a financial safety net, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom became popular after the 1936 novel and 1939 film of the same name, symbolizing something that has vanished or disappeared.

Meaning:
Something that has vanished or disappeared.

Usage:

1. The old traditions are gone with the wind.
2. Her dreams of becoming an actress were gone with the wind.
3. The opportunity was gone with the wind.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Vanished," "Disappeared," "Faded away."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something has been lost or disappeared completely, often irretrievably. The literal words "gone with the wind" don’t reveal the figurative meaning of loss or disappearance, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing someone or something that is very valuable or well-behaved.

Meaning:
Very valuable or well-behaved.

Usage:

1. The children were as good as gold during the ceremony.
2. His promise is as good as gold.
3. The antique vase is worth its weight in gold.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Well-behaved," "Precious," "Valuable."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be very well-behaved or of high value, especially when referring to a person. The literal words "good" and "gold" don't convey the figurative sense of moral or behavioral excellence, which makes it an idiom.

Origin:
his idiom dates back to the mid-16th century, symbolizing relief at the departure of someone or something unwanted.

Meaning:
Relief at the departure of someone or something unwanted.

Usage:

1. When he finally left, she sighed and said, "Good riddance!"
2. They moved out of the noisy neighborhood and said, "Good riddance!"
3. He sold the broken-down car and thought, "Good riddance!"

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Farewell," "Glad to be rid of," "Goodbye and good riddance."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it is used to express relief or satisfaction when something or someone unwanted has left or been removed. The literal words “good” and “riddance” don’t explain the figurative meaning of expressing relief, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing someone who has achieved a secure and successful position.

Meaning:
To have achieved a secure and successful position.

Usage:

1. After landing the high-paying job, he knew he had it made.
2. She felt she got it made with her new house and car.
3. They believed they had it made after the successful business deal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In a great position," "Living the good life," "On easy street."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be in a very comfortable or successful position, often with no further effort required. The literal words "got it made" don’t explain the figurative sense of being in a successful or easy situation, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century and uses the imagery of bullfighting, where grabbing the bull by the horns symbolizes confronting danger head-on.

Meaning:
To confront a problem directly and confidently.

Usage:

1. She decided to grab the bull by the horns and address the issue.
2. He grabbed the bull by the horns and took on the challenge.
3. They grabbed the bull by the horns and made the changes necessary.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Face the music," "Take the initiative," "Confront directly."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to confront a difficult or challenging situation directly and with courage. The idiom is figurative and doesn't literally involve bulls or horns but is a metaphor for taking charge.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and comes from the imagery of a drowning person grasping at straws, symbolizing desperation.

Meaning:
To try anything, even if it has little chance of success, in a desperate situation.

Usage:

1. He was grasping at straws when he tried to fix the broken machine with duct tape.
2. In his panic, he grasped at straws and suggested the most unlikely solutions.
3. She was grasping at straws, hoping to find a way to pass the exam.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Clutch at straws," "Make a desperate attempt," "Seek a last resort."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to make a desperate attempt to find a solution when no reasonable options are available. The idiom is figurative, as it uses "straws" to symbolize weak or unhelpful things, not referring to literal straws.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the idea that other people's situations always seem better than one's own.

Meaning:
The idea that other people's situations always seem better than one's own.

Usage:

1. He always thinks the grass is greener on the other side when he hears about others' jobs.
2. She realized the grass is not always greener on the other side after moving.
3. They kept comparing their lives to others, thinking the grass is greener on the other side.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Envy others," "Comparing situations," "Other side looks better."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means that people tend to believe that other situations or places are better than their current ones, even when that may not be true. The literal words don't reflect the figurative meaning of dissatisfaction or longing for what others have, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom refers to the easy money made from a successful business or situation, where the “gravy” symbolizes an easy bonus.

Meaning:
A situation that involves making easy money with little effort.

Usage:

1. The job became a gravy train for him once he got the promotion.
2. They realized that their new business venture was a real gravy train.
3. She’s been on the gravy train ever since her inheritance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Easy money", "Ride the wave", "Golden opportunity"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation in which someone earns easy money with little effort. The idiom is figurative, as it doesn't involve actual gravy or trains but describes an effortless source of income.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing a mechanic or someone who works on machinery.

Meaning:
A mechanic or someone who works on machinery.

Usage:

1. He worked as a grease monkey at the local garage.
2. She called the grease monkey to fix her car.
3. They relied on the grease monkey for all their mechanical repairs.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Mechanic," "Engineer," "Technician."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a person who works with machinery or repairs vehicles, often in a dirty or hands-on job. The literal words "grease" and "monkey" don't provide the figurative meaning of a mechanic or technician, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-16th century, symbolizing the act of bribing someone.

Meaning:
To bribe someone.

Usage:

1. He tried to grease the official's palm to get the permit.
2. She refused to grease anyone's palm to get ahead.
3. They were caught greasing someone's palm to secure the contract.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Bribe," "Pay off," "Offer a kickback."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to bribe or offer money in exchange for a favor. The literal words "grease" and "palm" don't convey the figurative sense of bribery, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of making it easier for something to happen.

Meaning:
To make it easier for something to happen.

Usage:

1. He greased the skids to get the project approved.
2. She greased the skids by preparing all the necessary documents.
3. They greased the skids with some preliminary work.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Facilitate," "Smooth the way," "Pave the way."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to make things easier or facilitate a process, often by preparing or setting things up in advance. The literal words "grease" and "skids" don't explain the figurative idea of making something go smoothly, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of making a process run more smoothly.

Meaning:
To make a process run more smoothly.

Usage:

1. He greased the wheels with some additional funding.
2. She greased the wheels by addressing potential issues early.
3. They greased the wheels to ensure a smooth transition.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Facilitate," "Ease the process," "Smooth the way."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to make a process or operation run more smoothly, often through help, facilitation, or preparation. The literal words "grease" and "wheels" don't reveal the figurative meaning of facilitation, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing a small, inexpensive, and often run-down restaurant or diner.

Meaning:
A small, inexpensive, and often run-down restaurant or diner.

Usage:

1. They enjoyed breakfast at the local greasy spoon.
2. She preferred greasy spoons over fancy restaurants.
3. He found a charming greasy spoon in the old part of town.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Diner," "Café," "Cheap eatery."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a cheap, informal restaurant, often one serving comfort food. The literal words "greasy" and "spoon" don't provide the figurative meaning of a modest or low-quality diner, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing someone who looks ill or nauseated.

Meaning:
Someone who looks ill or nauseated.

Usage:

1. He looked green around the gills after the boat ride.
2. She was green around the gills during the flight.
3. They felt green around the gills after the roller coaster.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Nauseous," "Sick-looking," "Unwell."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to look ill, nauseous, or unwell. The literal words "green" and "gills" don't explain the figurative meaning of being unwell or looking sick, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing someone who is very inexperienced or naive.

Meaning:
Someone who is very inexperienced or naive.

Usage:

1. The new recruit was as green as grass.
2. She was green as grass in her first job.
3. They hired him despite being green as grass.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Inexperienced," "Naive," "Newbie."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to be inexperienced or naive. The literal words "green" and "grass" don't convey the figurative meaning of a lack of experience, making it an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, primarily in British English, symbolizing someone who is very good at gardening.

Meaning:
Someone who is very good at gardening.

Usage:

1. She has green fingers and a beautiful garden.
2. He's known for his green fingers and lush plants.
3. They admired her green fingers and gardening skills.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Gardening talent," "Good gardener," "Plant lover."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who is skilled at gardening and growing plants. The literal words "green" and "fingers" don't provide the figurative meaning of a gardener or horticulturist, making it an idiom.

Origin:
The idiom refers to the belief that people who are good at gardening have a "green thumb" from handling plants.

Meaning:
A natural talent for gardening or growing plants.

Usage:

1. She has a green thumb and her garden is always beautiful.
2. He’s got a green thumb and can grow anything.
3. His green thumb made him the go-to person for plant advice.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Plant expert", "Gardener", "Horticulturist"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means having a natural talent for gardening or growing plants. The idiom is figurative, as it doesn't literally refer to someone's thumb turning green, but to their ability to nurture plants.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to ancient Greece, where green was associated with jealousy and envy, symbolizing intense feelings of envy.

Meaning:
To be very jealous or envious of someone or something.

Usage:

1. She was green with envy when she saw her friend's new car.
2. He turned green with envy over his colleague's promotion.
3. They were green with envy at the luxurious vacation photos.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Jealous," "Envious," "Covetous."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means feeling jealousy or resentment towards someone who has something desirable. The idiom is figurative, as it uses the color green to symbolize envy, not something literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing a situation that is not clear or lacks a definitive answer.

Meaning:
A situation that is not clear or lacks a definitive answer.

Usage:

1. The legality of the issue is a grey area.
2. She found herself in a grey area regarding the company policy.
3. They debated the grey area of the new regulations.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unclear situation," "Ambiguous," "Undefined."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation or topic that is ambiguous or unclear, where the boundaries or rules are not defined. The literal meaning of "grey" and "area" does not fully explain the figurative meaning of uncertainty or lack of clarity, making this an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-19th century, symbolizing the act of enduring a difficult or unpleasant situation with a good attitude.

Meaning:
To endure a difficult or unpleasant situation with a good attitude.

Usage:

1. The team had to grin and bear it as they endured the long hours.
2. Despite the criticism, she just grinned and bore it.
3. He didn’t like the situation, but he grinned and bore it for the sake of his family.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Tough it out", "Suffer in silence", "Take it on the chin"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to endure something unpleasant with a forced smile or without complaining. The idiom is figurative, as it doesn't literally involve grinning while bearing weight, but represents tolerating a difficult situation with restraint.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 19th century, symbolizing the act of smiling very broadly.

Meaning:
To smile very broadly.

Usage:

1. He was grinning from ear to ear after hearing the good news.
2. She grinned from ear to ear when she saw her surprise gift.
3. They were all grinning from ear to ear after winning the game.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Beaming," "Smiling broadly," "Grinning widely."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to smile widely or show a large expression of happiness. The literal meaning of "grin" and "ear to ear" cannot be deduced directly as a representation of happiness, so this is a figurative expression and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom comes from Lewis Carroll’s "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland," where the Cheshire cat famously grins before disappearing.

Meaning:
To smile broadly, often in a self-satisfied or mischievous way.

Usage:

1. After winning the game, he grinned like a Cheshire cat.
2. She grinned like a Cheshire cat when she received the good news.
3. The mischievous child grinned like a Cheshire cat after pulling the prank.

Similar Idioms / Phrases
"Smirk", "Beam", "Grin from ear to ear"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to smile in a wide, knowing, or mischievous way. The idiom is figurative, using the fictional Cheshire cat's smile as a metaphor for a particular type of expression.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of expressing anger or frustration.

Meaning:
To express anger or frustration.

Usage:

1. He was grinding his teeth in frustration during the meeting.
2. She ground her teeth when she heard the unfair decision.
3. They were grinding their teeth at the slow progress.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Fume," "Seethe," "Clench one's jaw."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to the act of clenching or grinding teeth, often out of anger, frustration, or stress. The literal words do not convey the emotional context of irritation or discomfort, making this a non-literal, figurative expression — an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing the act of showing determination or endurance in a difficult situation.

Meaning:
To show determination or endurance in a difficult situation.

Usage:

1. He gritted his teeth and pushed through the pain.
2. She gritted her teeth and faced the challenge head-on.
3. They gritted their teeth and completed the project despite obstacles.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Persevere," "Endure," "Push through."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to endure something difficult or unpleasant without complaining, often in a situation of pain or discomfort. The literal meaning of "grit" and "teeth" does not convey the figurative meaning of self-restraint or fortitude, so it is an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the mid-20th century, symbolizing something that one enjoys despite feeling it is not generally approved or proper.

Meaning:
Something that one enjoys despite feeling it is not generally approved or proper.

Usage:

1. Watching reality TV is her guilty pleasure.
2. He admits that eating chocolate late at night is his guilty pleasure.
3. They confessed to having a guilty pleasure for cheesy romance novels.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Indulgence," "Secret delight," "Guilty indulgence."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to something that one enjoys, despite feeling it is wrong, embarrassing, or shameful. The literal meaning of "guilty" and "pleasure" does not convey the idea of something enjoyable yet accompanied by guilt, making it a figurative expression and an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the early 20th century, symbolizing a person or thing used as a subject for experimentation.

Meaning:
A person or thing used as a subject for experimentation.

Usage:

1. He felt like a guinea pig during the product trial.
2. She volunteered to be the guinea pig for the new procedure.
3. They used a group of guinea pigs to test the new teaching method.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Test subject," "Experiment participant," "Trial subject."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a person or thing used for experimentation or testing purposes, not the literal meaning of a small animal. The idiomatic meaning comes from using a "guinea pig" in scientific experiments, symbolizing something or someone tested without clear knowledge of the outcome.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the early 20th century, symbolizing an instinctive or intuitive feeling.

Meaning:
An instinctive or intuitive feeling.

Usage:

1. He had a gut feeling that something was wrong.
2. She trusted her gut feeling and made the right decision.
3. They acted on their gut feeling about the business deal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Intuition," "Instinct," "Hunch."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to an intuitive or instinctive sense of something, often without logical reasoning or proof. The literal interpretation of "gut" and "feeling" does not explain the figurative meaning of an instinct or inner sense, making this an idiom.

Origin:
This idiom has been in use since the mid-20th century, symbolizing sensationalist or scandalous journalism.

Meaning:
Sensationalist or scandalous journalism.

Usage:

1. He criticized the gutter press for spreading false rumors.
2. She avoided reading the gutter press because of its sensationalism.
3. They were targeted by the gutter press after the scandal.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Tabloid journalism," "Yellow press," "Sensationalist media."

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to newspapers or media outlets that focus on sensational, scandalous, or unethical stories, often involving personal matters. The literal meaning of "gutter" and "press" does not imply this figurative concept of sensationalism or low standards, thus making it an idiom.