Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes someone who is different or excluded from a group.

Meaning:
Someone who is different or excluded from a group.

Usage:

1. He felt like the odd man out at the party.
2. She was the odd man out in the team meeting.
3. They didn't want to be the odd man out in the group project.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Outsider," "Black sheep," "Misfit"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to someone who is different or excluded from a group or situation. "Odd" in this case doesn't refer to something numerically unusual but to being different in context, making this a non-literal expression.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 18th century and symbolizes miscellaneous items or tasks.

Meaning:
Miscellaneous items or tasks.

Usage:

1. She spent the afternoon organizing odds and ends in the garage.
2. He had a few odds and ends to take care of before leaving.
3. They packed up odds and ends for the move.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Miscellaneous," "Bits and pieces," "Sundries"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to various small, miscellaneous items or tasks. The expression uses the literal meanings of "odds" (various) and "ends" (remaining parts), which leads to a clear interpretation of scattered or leftover things.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes being mistaken or incorrect.

Meaning:
Being mistaken or incorrect.

Usage:

1. His assumption was way off base.
2. She realized her calculations were off base.
3. They told him his theory was off base.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Wrong," "Incorrect," "Mistaken"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being wrong or incorrect, particularly in an assumption or guess. "Base" here refers to the starting point or foundation, so being "off base" implies being away from that foundational truth. It is understood through the literal connection to being "off" the original base.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something that is inappropriate or slightly indecent.

Meaning:
Something that is inappropriate or slightly indecent.

Usage:

1. He made an off-color joke at the party.
2. She didn't appreciate his off-color remarks.
3. They warned him to avoid off-color comments.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Inappropriate," "Indecent," "Rude"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to something that is inappropriate or in poor taste, typically regarding humor or behavior. "Color" in this context does not refer to actual hues but to the appropriateness of the situation or conversation, making the phrase idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized not performing as well as usual.

Meaning:
Not performing as well as usual.

Usage:

1. He was off his game during the match.
2. She felt off her game after the long trip.
3. They noticed he was off his game at work.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Not at one's best," "Out of form," "Underperforming"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to someone not performing at their usual level, especially in a mental or physical task. The phrase doesn't refer to a literal "game" but to someone's overall performance, making it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes someone who is crazy or behaving irrationally.

Meaning:
Someone who is crazy or behaving irrationally.

Usage:

1. They thought he was off his rocker for his wild ideas.
2. She acted like she was off her rocker during the argument.
3. He described his neighbor as off his rocker.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Crazy," "Mad," "Insane"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that someone is acting crazy or irrational. "Rocking" here doesn't refer to the literal rocking of an object but is used metaphorically to suggest instability, which makes it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something that happens immediately or right away.

Meaning:
Something that happens immediately or right away.

Usage:

1. He scored a goal right off the bat.
2. She knew the answer off the bat.
3. They started working on the project off the bat.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Immediately," "Right away," "At once"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to something happening immediately or without delay. The expression comes from the world of sports (particularly baseball), but its meaning is figurative, referring to something starting without hesitation or preparation.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something that is not commonly known or visited.

Meaning:
Something that is not commonly known or visited.

Usage:

1. They explored a village off the beaten track.
2. She found a café off the beaten track.
3. He prefers destinations off the beaten track.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unusual," "Unconventional," "Less traveled"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something that is unconventional or not well-known. The phrase uses the literal meaning of "beaten track" to refer to a commonly traveled or known path, with "off" meaning away from it, creating a direct connection to the idea of deviation.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolizes something that is done without preparation or spontaneously.

Meaning:
Something that is done without preparation or spontaneously.

Usage:

1. He gave a speech off the cuff.
2. She made an off-the-cuff remark during the meeting.
3. They handled the situation off the cuff.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Impromptu," "Spontaneous," "Unrehearsed"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something done spontaneously or without preparation. The connection to its literal words can be made because it originates from the idea of speaking without notes, metaphorically taken from the idea of speaking directly from one's cuff (sleeve), making the meaning clear.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being freed from a difficult situation or responsibility.

Meaning:
Being freed from a difficult situation or responsibility.

Usage:

1. He was relieved to be off the hook for the mistake.
2. She got off the hook for the late assignment.
3. They let him off the hook after the misunderstanding.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Freed," "Released," "Exempt"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to be freed from a difficult situation or responsibility. "Hook" here is used metaphorically to describe the state of being trapped or held, so being "off the hook" means no longer being in that predicament, making it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being inaccurate or incorrect.

Meaning:
Being inaccurate or incorrect.

Usage:

1. His guess was off the mark.
2. She realized her estimate was off the mark.
3. They told him his analysis was off the mark.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Inaccurate," "Wrong," "Mistaken"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means being incorrect or not close to the desired result. "Mark" here refers to an expected target or goal, so being "off the mark" means missing the target, which is a figurative use of the word.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something that has gone wrong or out of control.

Meaning:
Something that has gone wrong or out of control.

Usage:

1. The project went off the rails after the budget cuts.
2. She felt her life was off the rails after the breakup.
3. They tried to get the meeting back on track after it went off the rails.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Out of control," "Gone wrong," "Derailed"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means something has gone astray or out of control. "Rails" refer to the tracks of a train, but when something goes "off the rails," it means that it has deviated from its intended course or order, which is a non-literal meaning.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized something that is not to be officially recorded or made public.

Meaning:
Something that is not to be officially recorded or made public.

Usage:

1. He shared information off the record.
2. She made an off-the-record comment to the journalist.
3. They discussed the deal off the record.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unofficial," "Confidential," "Informal"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something that is not officially recorded or meant to be publicly shared. The phrase comes from the literal meaning of "record," and the idea of something being "off" it refers directly to information that should remain private or unreported.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is exceptionally high or extreme.

Meaning:
Something that is exceptionally high or extreme.

Usage:

1. His excitement was off the scale.
2. The temperatures this summer are off the scale.
3. Their performance was off the scale.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Excessive," "Extraordinary," "Out of this world"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something exceeding a limit or measurement. The phrase is understood from the literal concept of a scale (as in a measuring tool), with "off" meaning beyond the maximum point of measurement.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being misled or losing the trail of something.

Meaning:
Being misled or losing the trail of something.

Usage:

1. The detectives were off the scent after the false lead.
2. She threw them off the scent with a clever distraction.
3. They realized they were off the scent and needed to regroup.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Misled," "Off track," "Barking up the wrong tree"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means losing track of or failing to follow a clue or trail. The phrase uses "scent" metaphorically, referring to tracking something or following a lead, so being "off the scent" means not being on the correct path, which is a figurative use of the word.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes a spontaneous or unprepared response.

Meaning:
A spontaneous or unprepared response.

Usage:

1. Off the top of my head, I think we have 20 employees.
2. She answered the question off the top of her head.
3. He provided an estimate off the top of his head.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Spontaneously," "Without preparation," "Impromptu"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a spontaneous or immediate response without careful thought or preparation. The meaning comes directly from the words "top of my head," suggesting an unprepared, instinctive answer. The connection is literal and direct.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized something that is unconventional or eccentric.

Meaning:
Something that is unconventional or eccentric.

Usage:

1. His idea was off the wall but intriguing.
2. She made an off-the-wall comment during the meeting.
3. They loved the off-the-wall design of the artwork.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unconventional," "Eccentric," "Outlandish"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to something unusual or unconventional. While "wall" can literally refer to something solid, the phrase does not relate to the wall itself but to the idea of something being unexpected or strange, which requires figurative interpretation.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes beginning something with great success and momentum.

Meaning:
Beginning something with great success and momentum.

Usage:

1. The project was off to a flying start with the initial success.
2. She felt off to a flying start in her new job.
3. They got the event off to a flying start with a big turnout.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Great start," "Strong beginning," "Successful launch"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to beginning something very successfully or energetically, with the literal "flying" meaning fast or smooth. The phrase conveys this through a metaphorical sense, but its meaning is easily tied to the literal image of a fast start.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes the start of an activity or competition.

Meaning:
The start of an activity or competition.

Usage:

1. Once the meeting started, we were off to the races.
2. She said, "We're off to the races," as they began the project.
3. They knew they were off to the races when the competition started.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Getting started," "Commence," "Begin in earnest"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to starting something with great enthusiasm or speed, much like a race. The "races" part is directly related to an actual competition, making this phrase easy to understand in its literal sense as a fast or excited beginning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes someone who is acting crazy or irrationally.

Meaning:
Someone who is acting crazy or irrationally.

Usage:

1. They thought he was off his trolley with his wild ideas.
2. She acted like she was off her trolley during the argument.
3. He described his neighbor as off his trolley.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Crazy," "Mad," "Insane"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means that someone is acting crazy or irrational. "Trolley" here is not meant literally as a vehicle but as a metaphor for mental stability, so it is understood figuratively.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 18th century and symbolized something or someone that is very old.

Meaning:
Something or someone that is very old.

Usage:

1. That book is old as the hills.
2. He joked that his grandmother is old as the hills.
3. The tradition is old as the hills in their culture.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Ancient," "Very old," "Antiquated"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it simply refers to something very old, and the metaphor of hills suggests something ancient. The meaning is easily understood from the literal comparison to hills, which are naturally long-lasting and ancient in appearance.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes a story or joke that has been repeated too often.

Meaning:
A story or joke that has been repeated too often.

Usage:

1. He told the old chestnut about the trip again.
2. She rolled her eyes at the old chestnut he shared.
3. They laughed politely at the old chestnut.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Cliché," "Overused story," "Repetitive joke"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to an old, tired story or joke that has been repeated many times. "Chestnut" in this case does not refer to the literal nut but to an overused anecdote, which is a figurative use of the term.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes a former romantic partner.

Meaning:
A former romantic partner.

Usage:

1. She ran into her old flame at the reunion.
2. He reminisced about his old flame from college.
3. They talked about their old flames during the gathering.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Ex-lover," "Former partner," "Past relationship"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a former romantic relationship or someone from the past. "Flame" metaphorically refers to the passion or intensity of a past relationship, and not a literal flame, which makes it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes a group of established and traditional members of an organization.

Meaning:
A group of established and traditional members of an organization.

Usage:

1. The old guard resisted the new changes.
2. She was part of the old guard in the company.
3. They respected the old guard's experience and wisdom.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Traditionalists," "Established members," "Veterans"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to the long-established members of a group, especially those resistant to change. "Guard" does not refer literally to a person standing watch but is used metaphorically to signify those who have been around for a long time and are seen as protectors or guardians of tradition.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 17th century and symbolizes the difficulty of changing long-standing habits.

Meaning:
The difficulty of changing long-standing habits.

Usage:

1. He found that old habits die hard when trying to quit smoking.
2. She realized old habits die hard when she fell back into her routine.
3. They joked that old habits die hard during the meeting.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Hard to change," "Set in one's ways," "Difficult to break habits"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to the difficulty of changing established behaviors or patterns, particularly those formed over a long period. It doesn't literally mean that old habits physically "die," but it implies that they are hard to break or let go of.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 18th century and symbolizes someone who is very experienced at something.

Meaning:
Someone who is very experienced at something.

Usage:

1. He was an old hand at carpentry.
2. She is an old hand at organizing events.
3. They relied on the old hand for guidance.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Veteran," "Expert," "Seasoned professional"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone who is very experienced or skilled at something. "Hand" here is directly connected to a person’s ability or expertise, with the phrase coming from the literal idea of someone having 'been around' for a long time, gaining skill over time.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something that is old-fashioned or outdated.

Meaning:
Something that is old-fashioned or outdated.

Usage:

1. His ideas were considered old hat.
2. She found the fashion trends to be old hat.
3. They thought the technology was old hat.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Outdated," "Old-fashioned," "Out of date"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something old, familiar, and perhaps overused, indicating it is no longer new or exciting. "Hat" is used literally as a common, everyday object, and "old hat" directly points to something outdated or standard.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes an experienced sailor.

Meaning:
An experienced sailor.

Usage:

1. He learned the ropes from an old salt.
2. She admired the old salt's sea stories.
3. They relied on the old salt's navigation skills.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Seasoned sailor," "Veteran mariner," "Experienced seafarer"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone with a lot of experience, particularly in maritime work. "Salt" is used figuratively here to denote someone seasoned or experienced, particularly in nautical contexts, making the meaning not immediately literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and symbolizes a superstition or traditional belief that is often untrue.

Meaning:
A superstition or traditional belief that is often untrue.

Usage:

1. The belief that cracking knuckles causes arthritis is an old wives' tale.
2. She dismissed the health tip as an old wives' tale.
3. They realized the warning about cold weather was just an old wives' tale.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Superstition," "Myth," "Traditional belief"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a traditional belief or superstition that is widely considered untrue or outdated. The phrase uses "wives" metaphorically to symbolize old-fashioned or unreliable ideas, making the connection figurative rather than literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes traditional, old-fashioned ways or methods.

Meaning:
Traditional, old-fashioned ways or methods.

Usage:

1. He prefers old-school teaching techniques.
2. She listens to old-school hip-hop.
3. They used old-school tools for the project.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Traditional," "Classic," "Old-fashioned"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to things that are from an earlier time, often traditional or outdated. While "school" can refer to a literal institution, the term "old-school" is used figuratively to describe a set of values or practices that are considered old-fashioned, not literal schooling.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized experiencing a series of successes.

Meaning:
Experiencing a series of successes.

Usage:

1. He's been on a roll with his sales this month.
2. She felt on a roll after winning several games in a row.
3. They were on a roll with their successful product launches.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Winning streak," "Successful run," "Hot streak"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a period of continuous success or good fortune. "Roll" is metaphorically used to describe a positive, unstoppable momentum, which is a figurative rather than literal reference to rolling.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes doing something with a very limited budget.

Meaning:
Doing something with a very limited budget.

Usage:

1. They traveled around the world on a shoestring.
2. She started her business on a shoestring budget.
3. He managed the event on a shoestring.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Low budget," "Minimal funds," "Barebones budget"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to operating with very little money or resources. "Shoestring" is literal here, implying something small and limited, making the connection to a modest budget or situation clear.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes receiving something without effort or as a gift.

Meaning:
Receiving something without effort or as a gift.

Usage:

1. He expected success to be handed to him on a silver platter.
2. She received the promotion on a silver platter.
3. They were given the opportunity on a silver platter.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Without effort," "Easily obtained," "Gifted"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being given to someone with little or no effort on their part, as if it were served on a platter. While it has some metaphorical nuance, it is rooted in the idea of receiving something easily, making it understandable from the literal idea of presentation.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized doing something with great intensity or enthusiasm.

Meaning:
Doing something with great intensity or enthusiasm.

Usage:

1. He's been on a tear with his workouts lately.
2. She was on a tear, finishing all her tasks in record time.
3. They were on a tear, winning every match.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Enthusiastic," "Intense effort," "High energy"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a period of high activity, success, or enthusiasm. "Tear" here conveys a rapid, energetic movement, which can be linked directly to a person going through an active phase, making the meaning easy to understand from the literal connection to speed or tearing through something.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century, during World War II, and symbolizes a desperate effort with little chance of success.

Meaning:
A desperate effort with little chance of success.

Usage:

1. They started the project on a wing and a prayer.
2. She hoped to pass the exam on a wing and a prayer.
3. He completed the task on a wing and a prayer.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Desperately," "By a slim chance," "Against the odds"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to attempting something with little chance of success or with minimal resources. The "wing" and "prayer" are metaphorical, representing an uncertain and desperate attempt, rather than literal elements related to flying.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being steady and balanced.

Meaning:
Being steady and balanced.

Usage:

1. After the crisis, he worked to get his life back on an even keel.
2. She kept the team on an even keel during the project.
3. They wanted to maintain their finances on an even keel.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Steady," "Balanced," "Stable"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to being in a stable or balanced condition, especially in difficult situations. "Keel" here refers to the bottom of a ship, which keeps it steady, but the phrase is used to mean emotional or situational stability, making the meaning non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being part of a team or agreement.

Meaning:
Being part of a team or agreement.

Usage:

1. She's on board with the new plan.
2. They got the whole team on board for the project.
3. He asked if everyone was on board with the decision.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In agreement," "Part of the team," "Supportive"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to being in agreement or included in a group or activity, and the meaning comes directly from the literal interpretation of being physically on a boat or vehicle, hence in the group. It is easily understood from the literal words.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being extremely happy.

Meaning:
Being extremely happy.

Usage:

1. She was on cloud nine after her promotion.
2. He felt on cloud nine when he won the lottery.
3. They were on cloud nine after the birth of their child.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Ecstatic," "Over the moon," "Elated"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means being extremely happy or elated. "Cloud nine" does not refer to a literal cloud but evokes a state of bliss or euphoria, making the phrase idiomatic and non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being available or present.

Meaning:
Being available or present.

Usage:

1. The manager is on hand to assist with any issues.
2. She had all the necessary materials on hand for the project.
3. They kept emergency supplies on hand.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Available," "Present," "Ready"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being available or present for use. The literal meaning of "hand" (as in being close to or physically available) is directly tied to the intended meaning of having something or someone readily available.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is temporarily paused or delayed.

Meaning:
Something that is temporarily paused or delayed.

Usage:

1. The project is on hold until we get approval.
2. She had to put her plans on hold due to the pandemic.
3. They placed the order on hold until further notice.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Paused," "Delayed," "Temporarily halted"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being paused or delayed, especially in the context of communication or progress. The literal concept of "holding" something in place is easily understood, and the metaphorical meaning connects directly to this idea of suspension or delay.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something that is temporarily set aside or not currently being used.

Meaning:
Something that is temporarily set aside or not currently being used.

Usage:

1. They put the negotiations on ice until next month.
2. Her plans for a vacation are on ice due to work commitments.
3. He decided to keep his ambitions on ice for now.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Postponed," "Set aside," "Put on hold"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being temporarily postponed or put aside. "Ice" here is metaphorically associated with something being kept inactive or in suspension, but the literal imagery of something physically on ice helps make the meaning clear.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being in a state of nervous anticipation.

Meaning:
Being in a state of nervous anticipation.

Usage:

1. She was on pins and needles waiting for the test results.
2. He felt on pins and needles before his job interview.
3. They were on pins and needles during the election results.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Anxious," "Nervous," "Tense"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means being in a state of nervous anticipation. "Pins and needles" refer to a physical sensation but is used here to describe emotional tension or anxiety, which makes the meaning non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 18th century and symbolizes being in a state of suspense or anxiety.

Meaning:
Being in a state of suspense or anxiety.

Usage:

1. They were on tenterhooks waiting for the verdict.
2. She felt on tenterhooks before the big presentation.
3. He was on tenterhooks while waiting for the phone call.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Anxious," "Nervous," "In suspense"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to being in a state of anxious suspense or waiting. "Tenterhooks" were once used in the process of stretching cloth, but the phrase has evolved into a figurative expression for discomfort or anticipation, making the meaning non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized postponing or giving lower priority to something.

Meaning:
Postponing or giving lower priority to something.

Usage:

1. The project was put on the back burner due to budget cuts.
2. She had to put her travel plans on the back burner for now.
3. They decided to put the discussion on the back burner until next week.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Postpone," "Delay," "Put aside"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something is being postponed or given less priority. "Back burner" refers to a less important position on a stove but is used metaphorically to describe a task or project that is temporarily put aside, not literally on a stove.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being alert and efficient.

Meaning:
Being alert and efficient.

Usage:

1. He is always on the ball at work.
2. She needed to be on the ball to meet the deadline.
3. They were on the ball and completed the task early.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Alert," "Efficient," "Attentive"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means being alert, competent, or quick to respond. The "ball" here is metaphorical, referring to being in control of a situation, especially in contexts like sports or work, and not related to the literal meaning of a ball.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes joining others in doing something fashionable or popular.

Meaning:
Joining others in doing something fashionable or popular.

Usage:

1. He decided to get on the bandwagon and start exercising regularly.
2. She jumped on the bandwagon of the latest fashion trend.
3. They got on the bandwagon and supported the new policy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Join the trend," "Follow the crowd," "Get with the program"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to joining a popular trend or following something that is gaining success. The phrase originates from circus parades where the "bandwagon" was the wagon carrying the band, but now it figuratively means joining a popular movement, making it non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is malfunctioning or broken.

Meaning:
Something that is malfunctioning or broken.

Usage:

1. The TV is on the blink again.
2. She noticed her computer was on the blink.
3. They had to fix the printer because it was on the blink.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Malfunctioning," "Broken," "Out of order"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to something being broken or malfunctioning. "Blink" in this case is metaphorical, and while it might suggest something flashing or momentarily out of order, the meaning is more about something not working properly, which makes it non-literal.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes being in a precarious or uncertain position.

Meaning:
Being in a precarious or uncertain position.

Usage:

1. The team is on the bubble for making the playoffs.
2. She was on the bubble for getting the promotion.
3. They are on the bubble with their budget.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Uncertain," "Precarious," "On the edge"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to something being in a state of uncertainty or in danger of failing. "Bubble" metaphorically conveys something fragile or on the verge of popping, but it is used to describe precarious situations rather than something literal.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes doing something inexpensively.

Meaning:
Doing something inexpensively.

Usage:

1. They traveled around Europe on the cheap.
2. She managed to furnish her apartment on the cheap.
3. He threw a great party on the cheap.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Inexpensively," "Economically," "On a budget"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to obtaining something at a lower price or in a less expensive way. "Cheap" here is used figuratively to describe cost-effectiveness, not referring to literal cheapness or poor quality.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes receiving unemployment benefits.

Meaning:
Receiving unemployment benefits.

Usage:

1. He has been on the dole for six months.
2. She needed to go on the dole after losing her job.
3. They discussed the increasing number of people on the dole.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unemployed," "On welfare," "Receiving benefits"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to receiving government assistance or unemployment benefits. "Dole" comes from a historical term for charity or welfare, and while it once referred literally to a form of charity, it now represents a broader concept of social support, making it idiomatic.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being exactly on time.

Meaning:
Being exactly on time.

Usage:

1. He arrived at the meeting on the dot.
2. She always starts class on the dot.
3. They expected the delivery on the dot.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Promptly," "Exactly on time," "Punctually"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something happening exactly at the scheduled or expected time. The phrase connects to the literal "dot," suggesting precision and punctuality, which is clear and direct from the words.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized keeping something secret or confidential.

Meaning:
Keeping something secret or confidential.

Usage:

1. He asked her to keep the news on the down-low.
2. She told him about the plan on the down-low.
3. They discussed the project on the down-low.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Secretly," "Confidentially," "Under wraps"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being kept secret or discreet, often about something private. "Down-low" metaphorically suggests secrecy or hidden status, and while it has some figurative nuance, the connection to the literal concept of "down" remains clear.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being undecided or neutral about something.

Meaning:
Being undecided or neutral about something.

Usage:

1. She was on the fence about accepting the job offer.
2. He remained on the fence during the debate.
3. They were on the fence about which car to buy.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Undecided," "Neutral," "Indecisive"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone being undecided or neutral in a situation. The imagery of being physically on a fence, unable to choose a side, directly conveys the meaning of indecision or lack of commitment.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes doing something quickly or without preparation.

Meaning:
Doing something quickly or without preparation.

Usage:

1. He made the decision on the fly.
2. She prepared the presentation on the fly.
3. They fixed the problem on the fly.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Quickly," "Without preparation," "Spontaneously"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to doing something quickly or without preparation. "Fly" here is metaphorically tied to movement or action without pause, and while it has some figurative meaning, the connection to speed and spontaneity is clearly linked to the literal concept of flying.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is malfunctioning or broken.

Meaning:
Something that is malfunctioning or broken.

Usage:

1. The refrigerator is on the fritz again.
2. She noticed her phone was on the fritz.
3. They had to repair the air conditioner because it was on the fritz.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Malfunctioning," "Broken," "Out of order"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to something that is malfunctioning or out of order. "Fritz" is a colloquial term that metaphorically describes something broken or not working, and it is used figuratively here to describe malfunction rather than a literal object named Fritz.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 19th century and symbolized something that is provided for free.

Meaning:
Something that is provided for free.

Usage:

1. The restaurant offered them dessert on the house.
2. She received a complimentary drink on the house.
3. They enjoyed the meal on the house.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Free," "Complimentary," "Without charge"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being given for free, particularly in a business context, like drinks or services at a restaurant. The connection is direct, referring to an item being "on the house"—the establishment, rather than the literal house.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being honest and straightforward.

Meaning:
Being honest and straightforward.

Usage:

1. He assured them he was on the level about his intentions.
2. She believed he was on the level with his explanation.
3. They wanted to make sure everyone was on the level.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Honest," "Straightforward," "Truthful"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means to be honest, straightforward, or fair. The phrase is directly tied to the literal meaning of "level," as something balanced or even, indicating that the person is being truthful.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes recovering from an illness or injury.

Meaning:
Recovering from an illness or injury.

Usage:

1. He is on the mend after his surgery.
2. She felt on the mend after a week of rest.
3. They were relieved to hear he was on the mend.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Recovering," "Improving," "Getting better"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone recovering from illness or injury. The phrase connects directly to the literal process of mending, like repairing something, which is a natural metaphor for healing.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being exactly correct or accurate.

Meaning:
Being exactly correct or accurate.

Usage:

1. His prediction was right on the money.
2. She was on the money with her assessment.
3. They said his analysis was on the money.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Spot on," "Exact," "Accurate"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means to be accurate or correct. The literal connection is to money, where a perfect amount is expected or given, which makes the phrase easily understandable as a direct reference to precision.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes being active or in motion.

Meaning:
Being active or in motion.

Usage:

1. She's always on the move with her busy schedule.
2. They are on the move to expand their business.
3. He was on the move all day running errands.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Busy," "Active," "Constantly moving"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone being busy, active, or constantly in motion. The literal reference to being "on the move" is directly tied to movement or action, making this expression easily interpretable.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is exactly right or precise.

Meaning:
Something that is exactly right or precise.

Usage:

1. His estimate was right on the nose.
2. She hit the time on the nose.
3. The description was on the nose.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Precise," "Exact," "Accurate"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something being exactly correct or precise, especially in terms of timing or accuracy. While the phrase can carry some figurative meaning, its connection to the literal words is clear and direct, often used in the context of something being "spot on."

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized recovering from a setback, especially in a romantic context.

Meaning:
Recovering from a setback, especially in a romantic context.

Usage:

1. He started dating again on the rebound after his breakup.
2. She felt on the rebound after losing her job.
3. They advised her not to make decisions on the rebound.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Recovering," "Bouncing back," "Getting over"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to someone recovering after a setback, particularly in the context of relationships. The term "rebound" directly refers to a literal action of bouncing back, which is the core of the meaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes being on the path to success or achieving a goal.

Meaning:
Being on the path to success or achieving a goal.

Usage:

1. The project is on the right track now.
2. She feels on the right track with her career.
3. They are on the right track to completing the task.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Heading in the right direction," "On course," "Making progress"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means someone is following the correct course of action or path. The connection to being on a literal track, like a railway, makes the phrase easy to understand, referring to making progress in the right direction.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes a situation that is experiencing difficulties, often used in the context of relationships.

Meaning:
A situation that is experiencing difficulties.

Usage:

1. Their marriage is on the rocks.
2. The business deal is on the rocks after recent events.
3. She knew her friendship was on the rocks.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In trouble," "Struggling," "In jeopardy"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation that is in trouble or facing difficulties, especially in relationships. "Rocks" metaphorically represent obstacles or challenges, not literal stones.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being in a vulnerable or weak position, often in the context of sports or competition.

Meaning:
Being in a vulnerable or weak position.

Usage:

1. The team is on the ropes after losing several games.
2. He felt on the ropes during the intense negotiation.
3. They knew they were on the ropes in the final round.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Struggling," "In a weak position," "Vulnerable"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone being in a difficult or losing situation, often in the context of competition. The phrase comes from boxing, where being "on the ropes" means being close to defeat, requiring figurative understanding.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 20th century and symbolized agreement or understanding among people.

Meaning:
Agreement or understanding among people.

Usage:

1. They made sure everyone was on the same page before proceeding.
2. She felt they were on the same page regarding the project.
3. He asked if they were all on the same page about the plan.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"In agreement," "In sync," "Understanding each other"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means people are in agreement or have the same understanding of a situation. The phrase evokes the literal concept of sharing the same page in a book, referring to shared knowledge or alignment.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is done in addition to one's main activity, often secretly.

Meaning:
Something that is done in addition to one's main activity, often secretly.

Usage:

1. He works as a consultant on the side.
2. She has a small business on the side.
3. They learned he was running another project on the side.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Additionally," "Secretly," "Moonlighting"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something supplementary or additional, often in terms of side jobs or extra activities. The literal reference to the "side" makes the meaning clear, as in something that is not the main focus.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes doing something secretly or discreetly.

Meaning:
Doing something secretly or discreetly.

Usage:

1. He made plans on the sly without telling anyone.
2. She ate the last cookie on the sly.
3. They handled the transaction on the sly.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Secretly," "Discreetly," "Under the radar"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something done secretly or covertly. "Sly" here figuratively refers to stealth or hidden actions, rather than its literal meaning of being crafty.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes immediate action or being put under pressure.

Meaning:
Immediate action or being put under pressure.

Usage:

1. He had to make a decision on the spot.
2. She was put on the spot with a tough question.
3. They fixed the problem on the spot.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Immediately," "Under pressure," "Instantly"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means to be required to take immediate action or to be put in a situation where decisions need to be made quickly. The connection to being literally "on the spot" suggests urgency or pressure in that moment.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 18th century and symbolized doing something impulsively or without planning.

Meaning:
Doing something impulsively or without planning.

Usage:

1. They decided to go on a trip on the spur of the moment.
2. She bought the dress on the spur of the moment.
3. He made the suggestion on the spur of the moment.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Impulsively," "Without planning," "Spontaneously"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means acting without prior planning or thought, often impulsively. "Spur" connects directly to something sudden and without forethought, like a spur to a horse, making the meaning clear.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something that is almost remembered or recalled.

Meaning:
Something that is almost remembered or recalled.

Usage:

1. The name was on the tip of his tongue.
2. She had the answer on the tip of her tongue.
3. They felt the word was on the tip of their tongue.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Almost remembered," "Nearly recalled," "Just about to say"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the feeling of knowing something but being unable to recall it at the moment, specifically when a word or name is just out of reach. While it carries a slight metaphorical sense, the meaning is tied closely to the individual words, indicating the specific sensation of struggling to remember.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes being honest or improving.

Meaning:
Being honest or improving.

Usage:

1. He assured them his business dealings were on the up and up.
2. She felt her career was on the up and up.
3. They believed the company was on the up and up after the changes.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Honest," "Trustworthy," "Improving"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something is legitimate, honest, or improving. "Up and up" figuratively represents something progressing or being transparent, beyond the literal meaning of the words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being in a risky or dangerous situation.

Meaning:
Being in a risky or dangerous situation.

Usage:

1. He's on thin ice with his boss after missing the deadline.
2. She knew she was on thin ice by ignoring the warnings.
3. They were on thin ice financially after the unexpected expenses.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Walking a tightrope," "In hot water," "On shaky ground"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it means being in a precarious or risky situation. The connection to thin ice is literal, indicating danger and the possibility of something breaking, making the meaning easy to interpret.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes discovering or realizing something important.

Meaning:
Discovering or realizing something important.

Usage:

1. She felt she was on to something with her new idea.
2. He knew they were on to something when the results came in.
3. They realized they were on to something big.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Discovering," "Uncovering," "Realizing"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to discovering or beginning to understand something important. The "on" here implies being in the process of or having started something significant, making the meaning easy to understand directly from the words.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes feeling extremely happy and successful.

Meaning:
Feeling extremely happy and successful.

Usage:

1. He felt on top of the world after the promotion.
2. She was on top of the world during her wedding day.
3. They were on top of the world after winning the championship.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Elated," "Over the moon," "Ecstatic"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to feeling elated or in a very positive state. The phrase uses "top of the world" figuratively to describe a peak of happiness or success.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something that happens very rarely.

Meaning:
Something that happens very rarely.

Usage:

1. We only go out to fancy restaurants once in a blue moon.
2. She visits her hometown once in a blue moon.
3. They have family reunions once in a blue moon.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Rarely," "Seldom," "Infrequently"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means something that happens very rarely. The "blue moon" is not a literal astronomical event, but a figurative expression referring to something uncommon or infrequent.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being very old or near death.

Meaning:
Being very old or near death.

Usage:

1. He joked that he had one foot in the grave after his birthday.
2. She felt like she had one foot in the grave after the illness.
3. They remarked that their ancient cat had one foot in the grave.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Near death," "Old," "At death's door"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to someone who is near death or in a very frail condition. The "foot in the grave" is not literal but uses a metaphorical image of nearing death, emphasizing the frailty of life.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes having one last drink before leaving.

Meaning:
Having one last drink before leaving.

Usage:

1. They decided to have one for the road before heading home.
2. He offered her one for the road as they were leaving the party.
3. She suggested they take one for the road after dinner.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Last drink," "Final toast," "Farewell drink"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the final drink or something done just before leaving. The expression literally connects to having something before leaving, particularly in the context of a social setting or journey, without needing figurative interpretation.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 17th century and symbolizes the idea that something that is worthless to one person may be valuable to another.

Meaning:
Something that is worthless to one person may be valuable to another.

Usage:

1. She loves finding old furniture because one man's trash is another man's treasure.
2. He always finds great deals at yard sales because one man's trash is another man's treasure.
3. They turned discarded items into art, proving one man's trash is another man's treasure.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Value is subjective," "Beauty in the eye of the beholder," "Different strokes for different folks"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it conveys the idea that something discarded by one person may be valuable to another. While it carries a metaphorical meaning, the meaning is still closely tied to the idea that value is subjective, making it a direct phrase.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes a person or group that only has one successful effort.

Meaning:
A person or group that only has one successful effort.

Usage:

1. The band was a one-hit wonder with their chart-topping single.
2. She didn't want to be remembered as a one-hit wonder after her book's success.
3. They hoped their startup wouldn't become a one-hit wonder.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Flash in the pan," "Single success," "Brief fame"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a person or entity that achieves success once but is not able to repeat that success. The phrase doesn't literally refer to a "hit" but figuratively to a fleeting or single achievement, making it an idiomatic expression.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes a person who is fixated on one idea or topic.

Meaning:
A person who is fixated on one idea or topic.

Usage:

1. He has a one-track mind when it comes to his hobby.
2. She couldn't focus on anything else because of her one-track mind.
3. They joked that he had a one-track mind for chocolate.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Single-minded," "Obsessive," "Fixated"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone who is fixated or obsessed with a single idea or thought. The "one-track" is not literal, but symbolizes being focused or narrow in thought, which is a figurative meaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes starting something that will lead to many problems.

Meaning:
Starting something that will lead to many problems.

Usage:

1. She was afraid to bring up the topic and open a can of worms.
2. He knew the decision could open a can of worms.
3. They avoided the issue to not open a can of worms.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Stir up trouble," "Create complications," "Cause problems"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it means to start a situation that could become complicated or troublesome. The "can of worms" is a figurative expression, where the literal idea of worms spilling out symbolizes the chaos or difficulty created by opening the issue.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes a situation that is simple and straightforward to resolve.

Meaning:
A situation that is simple and straightforward to resolve.

Usage:

1. The evidence made it an open and shut case.
2. She presented the facts, making it an open and shut case.
3. They believed it was an open and shut case from the start.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Clear-cut," "Straightforward," "Simple"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to a situation that is straightforward and easy to resolve. The "open and shut" concept is figurative, meaning something is simple and doesn't require further examination, rather than a literal action.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes someone or something that is easy to understand or transparent.

Meaning:
Someone or something that is easy to understand or transparent.

Usage:

1. She is an open book when it comes to her feelings.
2. He wanted to be an open book with his intentions.
3. They described their process as an open book.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Transparent," "Easy to understand," "Honest"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to a person whose thoughts or feelings are easy to understand. The connection to a literal book is clear, where an open book is one that can be read easily, referring to transparency or openness in a person.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 18th century and symbolizes being active and going places.

Meaning:
Being active and going places.

Usage:

1. She loves being out and about on the weekends.
2. He was out and about running errands all day.
3. They enjoy being out and about in the city.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Active," "Going places," "Busy"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it simply refers to being active, involved, or traveling outside one's home. While there may be a slight metaphorical element, the meaning is largely tied to the direct idea of being physically active or out in the world.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes a strong desire for revenge or confrontation.

Meaning:
A strong desire for revenge or confrontation.

Usage:

1. After the betrayal, he was out for blood.
2. She was out for blood after hearing the accusations.
3. They knew he was out for blood during the competition.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Seeking revenge," "Vengeful," "Looking for a fight"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it refers to someone seeking revenge or looking to harm others. The "out for blood" expression uses the metaphor of blood to symbolize violent intent or a pursuit of revenge, not a literal need for blood.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being unable to perform due to injury or malfunction.

Meaning:
Being unable to perform due to injury or malfunction.

Usage:

1. The athlete is out of action due to a sprained ankle.
2. The machine is out of action until it gets repaired.
3. She was out of action after the surgery.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unavailable," "Inoperative," "Incapacitated"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something or someone being temporarily inactive or not functioning, often used when someone is incapacitated or a machine is not working. The meaning closely ties to the literal interpretation of being "out" of the expected or normal state of action, although it can also be metaphorical in certain contexts.

Origin:
This idiom originated in the 19th century and symbolized being outside the acceptable limits or boundaries.

Meaning:
Being outside the acceptable limits or boundaries.

Usage:

1. The ball was out of bounds, so the play stopped.
2. His comments were out of bounds and offended many people.
3. She ventured out of bounds during the hike.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Beyond limits," "Forbidden," "Unacceptable"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something that is not allowed or is beyond a certain limit. The literal concept of being "out of bounds," like in sports, translates directly into a restriction or limit, making it a straightforward phrase.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is not working or functioning.

Meaning:
Something that is not working or functioning.

Usage:

1. The elevator is out of commission until further notice.
2. Her laptop was out of commission after the spill.
3. They had to close the gym because the equipment was out of commission.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Broken," "Inoperative," "Not working"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something that is not functioning, particularly in the context of machines or systems. "Out of commission" connects directly to something being unavailable for use, indicating a literal state of disrepair or non-operation.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes something that is unmanageable or chaotic.

Meaning:
Something that is unmanageable or chaotic.

Usage:

1. The situation quickly spiraled out of control.
2. She felt her emotions were out of control.
3. The crowd became out of control during the event.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unmanageable," "Chaotic," "Wild"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers directly to the literal or contextual idea of something or someone being beyond management or regulation. The meaning is clear and direct, as it describes a situation where control has been lost, even if it can have some metaphorical use.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is unexpected or surprising.

Meaning:
Something that is unexpected or surprising.

Usage:

1. His comment came out of left field and shocked everyone.
2. She received an offer out of left field.
3. They were caught off guard by the news out of left field.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unexpected," "Surprising," "Unanticipated"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to something unexpected or surprising, often coming from an unusual or unexpected source. The phrase doesn't literally relate to a "left field" in sports but instead uses it metaphorically to describe an event that catches someone off guard.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes behavior that is inappropriate or unacceptable.

Meaning:
Behavior that is inappropriate or unacceptable.

Usage:

1. His behavior was out of line during the meeting.
2. She knew she was out of line with her remarks.
3. They warned him not to step out of line.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Inappropriate," "Unacceptable," "Misconduct"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly refers to a deviation from expected behavior, suggesting something is not following the accepted rules or standards. While there is a figurative component, the phrase remains grounded in its original meaning of being "out of place" or "unacceptable."

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being in a situation that is beyond one's ability or knowledge.

Meaning:
Being in a situation that is beyond one's ability or knowledge.

Usage:

1. He felt out of his depth in the advanced class.
2. She was out of her depth in the technical discussion.
3. They realized they were out of their depth with the project.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Overwhelmed," "Beyond capacity," "Inexperienced"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively describes being in a situation or encountering a task that one is unable to handle due to a lack of knowledge, experience, or skill. It uses the metaphor of "depth" to express feeling overwhelmed or ill-equipped, rather than a literal situation involving depth.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes being in a situation that is unfamiliar or uncomfortable.

Meaning:
Being in a situation that is unfamiliar or uncomfortable.

Usage:

1. She felt out of her element at the formal dinner.
2. He was out of his element during the art class.
3. They were out of their element in the new city.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Uncomfortable," "Unfamiliar," "Out of place"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to being in an environment or situation that feels uncomfortable or unfamiliar, suggesting that the person is not in their usual or comfortable context. It is metaphorical, drawing on the idea of an "element" to express discomfort.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes something that is not functioning properly or is inappropriate.

Meaning:
Something that is not functioning properly or is inappropriate.

Usage:

1. The vending machine is out of order.
2. His comments were out of order during the meeting.
3. The elevator sign said it was out of order.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Broken," "Inappropriate," "Not working"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly refers to something not functioning correctly, typically a machine or system. The literal meaning of "out of order" refers to a malfunction or break in the expected sequence, though it can be used metaphorically in some cases.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something that happens unexpectedly.

Meaning:
Something that happens unexpectedly.

Usage:

1. She received a job offer out of the blue.
2. He called her out of the blue after years of no contact.
3. The news came out of the blue and surprised everyone.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Unexpectedly," "Surprisingly," "Without warning"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means something happening unexpectedly or without warning. It doesn’t literally mean something coming from a blue sky but uses the metaphor of the sky to describe an event that appears suddenly and without any prelude.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 16th century and symbolizes escaping a bad situation only to end up in a worse one.

Meaning:
Escaping a bad situation only to end up in a worse one.

Usage:

1. Quitting his job without a plan was like jumping out of the frying pan into the fire.
2. She left one problematic relationship only to fall into another, out of the frying pan into the fire.
3. They moved to avoid the harsh winters but found the summers unbearable, out of the frying pan into the fire.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"From bad to worse," "Escalating troubles," "Out of the frying pan and into the fire"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means moving from a bad situation to one that is worse, using the metaphor of transitioning from the heat of a frying pan to the danger of a fire. The literal meaning doesn't apply, and the phrase conveys a deeper message about worsening circumstances.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being uninformed or not included in a group or process.

Meaning:
Being uninformed or not included in a group or process.

Usage:

1. He felt out of the loop when decisions were made without him.
2. She was out of the loop regarding the latest office gossip.
3. They tried to keep him in the loop, so he wouldn't feel left out.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Uninformed," "Excluded," "Not in the know"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the literal or contextual idea of being excluded from a group or not informed about certain information. While it can be metaphorical, the meaning is tied to the idea of "loop" representing involvement or knowledge, making the connection clear.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something that is not possible or acceptable.

Meaning:
Something that is not possible or acceptable.

Usage:

1. Working on weekends is out of the question for her.
2. Moving to another city right now is out of the question.
3. They decided that cutting the budget further was out of the question.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Impossible," "Unacceptable," "Not an option"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to something that is not possible or not allowed, using the context of a "question" to imply something that cannot be considered. The phrase remains grounded in the literal sense of being beyond the realm of possibility.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being in a helpless or disadvantageous position.

Meaning:
Being in a helpless or disadvantageous position.

Usage:

1. They had him over a barrel during the negotiation.
2. She felt over a barrel with no support from her team.
3. He knew he was over a barrel when the client made demands.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"At a disadvantage," "Helpless," "Backed into a corner"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively describes being in a difficult or powerless situation, where one has no other options. It doesn't relate to an actual barrel but uses the metaphor to convey a sense of helplessness or being forced into a decision.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes something extra or in addition to what is expected.

Meaning:
Something extra or in addition to what is expected.

Usage:

1. He completed his tasks over and above what was required.
2. She went over and above in helping her colleagues.
3. They provided services over and above their contract terms.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Extra," "In addition," "Above and beyond"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers directly to something being in addition to or beyond what is required or expected, often in the context of an extra effort or an amount surpassing a threshold. It is tied to the literal meaning of exceeding a boundary or limit.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes something too difficult to understand or beyond one's ability.

Meaning:
Something too difficult to understand or beyond one's ability.

Usage:

1. The technical jargon was over her head.
2. He felt the advanced math class was over his head.
3. They realized the project might be over their heads.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Beyond comprehension," "Too difficult," "Above one's understanding"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means something is too difficult to understand or handle. It uses the metaphor of something being physically "over one's head" to suggest a lack of comprehension or ability, which is not meant to be taken literally.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes being past one's prime or no longer at one's best.

Meaning:
Being past one's prime or no longer at one's best.

Usage:

1. He joked about being over the hill after turning 50.
2. She worried people thought she was over the hill in her career.
3. They felt their old car was over the hill.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Past one's prime," "Aging," "No longer at peak"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to a person who is past their prime or in the later stages of life, using the metaphor of "over the hill" to describe age or decline. It doesn't refer to a literal hill but instead symbolizes the notion of aging or peak performance.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes being extremely happy.

Meaning:
Being extremely happy.

Usage:

1. She was over the moon about her new job.
2. He felt over the moon after the birth of his child.
3. They were over the moon with their holiday plans.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Ecstatic," "Elated," "On cloud nine"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means feeling extremely happy or pleased, using the metaphor of being "over the moon" to convey a sense of joy. The literal moon is irrelevant here, and the phrase instead conveys the intensity of emotions.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 20th century and symbolizes something excessive or exaggerated.

Meaning:
Something excessive or exaggerated.

Usage:

1. Her party decorations were over the top.
2. He made an over-the-top gesture to apologize.
3. They found his reaction to be over the top.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Excessive," "Exaggerated," "Too much"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively refers to something being excessive or exaggerated, going beyond what is considered normal or reasonable. The phrase uses "over the top" to describe going beyond limits, not a literal object but rather a metaphor for excess.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 20th century and symbolizes overestimating one's position or ability, leading to mistakes.

Meaning:
Overestimating one's position or ability, leading to mistakes.

Usage:

1. He overplayed his hand in the negotiations and lost the deal.
2. She overplayed her hand by demanding too much from her employer.
3. They realized they had overplayed their hand and backed off.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Overreach," "Overestimate," "Misjudge"

Justifications:
This is an idiom because it figuratively means to take a risk or act in a way that reveals too much or goes too far, leading to a disadvantage. It uses a metaphor related to card games (hand) to suggest overestimating one's position or resources.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes the need to apologize for a wrongdoing or mistake.

Meaning:
The need to apologize for a wrongdoing or mistake.

Usage:

1. He realized he owed her an apology for his behavior.
2. She knew she owed him an apology for the misunderstanding.
3. They acknowledged they owed an apology to their customers.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Need to apologize," "Should apologize," "Responsible for apology"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it directly refers to the act of needing to apologize or being in debt for an apology due to an action. The literal interpretation of "owing" something is clear, though it can imply a moral or social obligation, but it remains rooted in this direct meaning.

Origin:
This idiom has been used since the 19th century and symbolizes because of or due to something.

Meaning:
Because of or due to something.

Usage:

1. The event was canceled owing to bad weather.
2. She was late owing to traffic.
3. They made changes owing to customer feedback.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Because of," "Due to," "Resulting from"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers to the reason or cause behind something, as in "due to." The connection to the literal meaning is clear as it denotes causality, even though it can be metaphorically used to explain circumstances.

Origin:
This idiom dates back to the 19th century and symbolizes admitting to a mistake or wrongdoing.

Meaning:
Admitting to a mistake or wrongdoing.

Usage:

1. He decided to own up to his mistake.
2. She owned up to breaking the vase.
3. They urged him to own up to his actions.

Similar Idioms / Phrases:
"Confess," "Admit," "Take responsibility"

Justifications:
This is a phrase because it refers directly to the act of admitting or taking responsibility for something, especially when one has done something wrong. The meaning ties closely to the literal words, suggesting accountability in a straightforward way.